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辞源阁a>成语词典风声鹤唳风声鹤唳的故事
风声鹤唳的成语故事

拼音fēng shēng hè lì
基本解释唳:鹤鸣声。风吹的响声和仙鹤的叫声。形容惊慌失措;或自相惊扰。
出处唐 房玄龄《晋书 谢玄传》:“闻风声鹤唳,皆以为王师已至。”
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风声鹤唳的典故
公元383年,前秦皇帝苻坚组织90万大军,南下攻打东晋。东晋王朝派谢石为大将,谢玄为先锋,带领8万精兵迎战。
苻坚认为自己兵多将广,有足够的把握战胜晋军。他把兵力集结在寿阳(今安徽寿县)东的淝水边,等后续大军到齐,再向晋军发动进攻。
为了以少胜多,谢玄施出计谋,派使者到秦营,向秦军的前锋建议道:“贵军在淝水边安营扎寨,显然是为了持久作战,而不是速战速决。如果贵军稍向后退,让我军渡过淝水决战,不是更好吗?”秦军内部讨论时,众将领都认为,坚守淝水,晋军不能过河。待后续大军抵达,即可彻底击溃晋军。因此不能接受晋军的建议。
但是,苻坚求胜心切,不同意众将领的意见,说:“我军只要稍稍后退,等晋军一半过河,一半还在渡河时,用精锐的骑兵冲杀上去,我军肯定能大获全胜!”
于是,秦军决定后退。苻坚没有料到,秦军是临时拼凑起来的,指挥不统一,一接到后退的命令,以为前方打了败仗,慌忙向后溃逃。谢玄见敌军渍退,指挥部下快速渡河杀敌。秦军在溃退途中,丢弃了兵器和盔甲,一片混乱,自相践踏而死的不计其数。那些侥幸逃脱晋军追击的士兵,一路上听到呼呼的风声和鹤的鸣叫声,都以为晋军又追来了,于是不顾白天黑夜,拼命地奔逃。就这样,晋军取得了“淝水之战”的重大胜利。
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※ 与(风声鹤唳)相关的成语及历史出处:
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|---|---|
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