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辞源阁a>成语词典围魏救赵围魏救赵的故事
围魏救赵的成语故事

拼音wéi wèi jiù zhào
基本解释指攻击敌人后方;迫使进攻的敌人撤回兵力的战术。魏、赵:战国时的国名。
出处明 罗贯中《三国演义》第30回:“曹军劫粮,曹操必然亲往;操即自出,寨心空虚,可纵兵先击曹操之寨;操闻之,必速还。此孙膑‘围魏救赵’之计也。”
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围魏救赵的典故
战国时,魏将庞涓率军围攻赵国都城邯郸。赵求救于齐,齐王命田忌、孙膑率军往救。孙膑认为魏军主力在赵国,内部空虚,就带兵攻打魏国都城大梁,因而,魏军不得不从邯郸撤军,回救本国,路经桂陵要隘,又遭齐兵截击,几乎全军覆没。这个典故是指采用包抄敌人的后方来迫使它撤兵的战术。
公元前354年,魏国军队围赵国都城邯郸,双方战守年余,赵衰魏疲。这时,齐国应赵国的求救,派田忌为将,孙膑为军师,率兵八万救赵。攻击方向选在哪里?起初,田忌准备直趋邯郸。孙膑认为,要解开纷乱的丝线,不能用手强拉硬扯,要排解别人打架,不能直接参与去打。派兵解围,要避实就虚,击中要害。他向田忌建议说,现在魏国精锐部队都集中在赵国,内部空虚,我们如带兵向魏国折都城大梁猛插进去,占据它的交通要道,袭击它空虚的地方,向魏国的国都大梁(今河南开封)进军,它必然放下赵国回师自救,齐军乘其疲惫,在预先选好的作战地区桂陵迎敌于归途,魏军大败,赵国之围遂解。孙膑用围攻魏国的办法来解救赵国的危困,这在我国历史上是一个很有名折战例,被后来的军事家们列为 叁十六计中的重要一计。围魏救赵这一避实就虚的战法为历代军事家所欣赏,至今仍有其生命力。
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※ 与(围魏救赵)相关的成语及历史出处:
| 成语 | 历史出处 |
|---|---|
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