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辞源阁a>成语词典草木皆兵草木皆兵的故事
草木皆兵的成语故事

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基本解释木:树;皆:全;都是。野草和树木都像是兵士。比喻军队败退时心虚;把草木都看成为是敌兵。亦形容极度惊恐时发出多疑的错觉。
出处清 曾朴《孽海花》第25回:“大有风声鹤唳,草木皆兵之感。”
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草木皆兵的典故
东晋时,强秦一直想吞并晋王朝,秦王苻坚亲自率领九十万大军,去攻打晋国。晋国派大将谢石、谢玄领八万兵马迎战。苻坚当然很傲慢,根本没把力量悬殊的晋军看在眼里。
可是,谁料到先头部队的前锋同晋军首战便被打败,苻坚慌了手脚。他和弟弟苻融趁夜去前线视察,他看到晋军阵容严整,士气高昂,连晋军驻扎的八公山上的草木,也影影绰绰像是满山遍野的士兵呢!接着,在淝水决战,秦军被彻底击溃,损失惨重,秦王苻坚自己受伤,弟弟苻融也阵亡了。苻坚仓皇而逃,他听到风声鸟声也以为是敌人追兵又到了。
东晋时代,秦王苻坚控制了北部中国。公元383年,苻坚率领步兵、骑兵90万,攻打江南的晋朝。晋军大将谢石、谢玄领兵8万前去抵抗。苻坚得知晋军兵力不足,就想以多胜少,抓住机会,迅速出击。
谁料,苻坚的先锋部队25万在寿春一带被晋军出奇击败,损失惨重,大将被杀,士兵死伤万余。秦军的锐气大挫,军心动摇,士兵惊恐万状,纷纷逃跑。此时,苻坚在寿春城上望见晋军队伍严整,士气高昂,再北望八公山,只见山上一草一木都像晋军的士兵一样。苻坚回过头对弟弟说:“这是多么强大的敌人啊!怎么能说晋军兵力不足呢?”他后悔自己过于轻敌了。
出师不利给苻坚心头蒙上了不祥的阴影,他令部队靠淝水北岸布阵,企图凭借地理优势扭转战局。这时晋军将领谢玄提出要求,要秦军稍往后退,让出一点地方,以便渡河作战。苻坚暗笑晋军将领不懂作战常识,想利用晋军忙于渡河难于作战之机,给它来个突然袭击,于是欣然接受了晋军的请求。
谁知,后退的军令一下,秦军如潮水一般溃不成军,而晋军则趁势渡河追击,把秦军杀得丢盔弃甲,尸横遍地。苻坚中箭而逃。这就是历史上以少胜多的著名战役——淝水之战。
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※ 与(草木皆兵)相关的成语及历史出处:
| 成语 | 历史出处 |
|---|---|
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Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 玛拉沁夫《茫茫的草原》第三卷:“刘峰默不做声,顺着梯子下了几阶,又回身关好柜底板。” |
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Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 《周易 既济》:“君子以思患而豫防之。《乐府诗集 君子行》:“君子防未然。” |
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