过楚宫
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唐代]：李商隐
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巫峡迢迢旧楚宫，至今云雨暗丹枫。
微生尽恋人间乐，只有襄王忆梦中。
过楚宫译文及注释
译文
绵长高峻的巫峡，靠近旧日的楚宫。
到今天巫山云雨，依然遮暗了丹枫。
啊，芸芸众生，只贪恋人间的欢乐。
只有那楚襄王，在追忆飘渺的梦中。
注释
楚宫：《寰宇记》：“楚宫在巫山县北二百步，在阳台古城内，即襄王所游之地。”杜甫《咏怀古迹五首》（其二）“最是楚宫俱泯灭，舟人指点到今疑”之楚宫亦指此。
巫峡：长江三峡之一。一称大峡。西至四川省巫山县大溪，东至湖北省巴东县官渡口。因巫山得名。两岸绝壁，船行极险。
丹枫：经霜泛红的枫叶。
微生：细小的生命，卑微的人生。
襄王：宋玉《高唐赋》：“昔者先王（楚襄王）尝游高唐，怠而昼寝，梦见一妇人曰：‘妾，巫山之女也。为高唐之客。闻君游高唐，愿荐枕席。’王因幸之。”
参考资料：
1、陈永正．李商隐诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1991：105-106
过楚宫创作背景
唐宣宗大中五年（851年）王氏亡故后，李商隐写了不少悼亡诗，抒发追思迷离、沉哀欲绝的心情。此诗当为作者赴东川柳仲郢幕府途经巫峡时所写，诗中有“丹枫”语，似是自夔州首途所经。另据《楚宫二首》“暮雨自归山峭峭，秋河不动夜厌厌”句，可知楚宫诸作在秋季。
参考资料：
1、陈永正．李商隐诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1991：105-106
过楚宫鉴赏
“巫峡迢迢旧楚宫，至今云雨暗丹枫”二句追述楚宫旧事，说明男女间的至情是古今长在的。“微生尽恋人间乐，只有襄王忆梦中”二句以“微生”与“襄王”对照，暗示自己如今已无复人间之乐，旧日的欢愉有如一梦，却令自己终生思忆。这表明了作者悼亡恋旧，感喟无穷，不能自已。
李商隐诗常涉人生哲理，并与人生情感体验融汇。刘学锴、余恕诚《李商隐诗歌集解》认为：此诗感情内涵，实较复杂。人间之乐与云雨之梦，似代表现实与理想两种不同境界。仕宦婚姻之顺遂，家室人伦之乐趣，皆常人所经营所依恋者。然徒有此则人生不免卑琐。故作者乃刻意追求更美好之人生理想。而此种理想境界又正如云雨梦思，虚幻恍惚，难以寻求，且并追求理想之高情远意，亦不为世所理解。人间之乐，亦因己之坚持理想而不能享有。是则理想之境，现实之乐，两皆落空，此实理想主义者之莫大悲剧。“微生尽恋人间乐”，于“人间乐”固有所不足，然其中又寓有并此亦不能享受之悲哀；“只有襄王忆梦中”，于己之独持理想固含自负，然又不免透出孤孑与自伤。屈原《离骚》：“民生各有所乐兮，余独好修以为常。”义山此诗，实祖屈子之意而融铸自身独特生活体验与思想性格。屈原坚信其人生理想，义山则既向往又深感其虚幻，表现为幻灭中之追求。至于“民生各有所乐”，则并屈原亦未否定。故以为义山于“人间乐”有所不足则可，以为即是庸俗之代称，则似未切。就全诗论，自伤之情固多于自负。
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李商隐《
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燕台四首。春》
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李商隐《
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莫愁》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
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李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
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