醉翁操·琅然
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宋代]：苏轼
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琅琊幽谷，山水奇丽，泉鸣空涧，若中音会，醉翁喜之，把酒临听，辄欣然忘归。既去十余年，而好奇之士沈遵闻之往游，以琴写其声，曰《醉翁操》，节奏疏宕而音指华畅，知琴者以为绝伦。然有其声而无其辞。翁虽为作歌，而与琴声不合。又依《楚词》作《醉翁引》，好事者亦倚其辞以制曲。虽粗合韵度而琴声为词所绳约，非天成也。后三十余年，翁既捐馆舍，遵亦没久矣。有庐山玉涧道人崔闲，特妙于琴，恨此曲之无词，乃谱其声，而请于东坡居士以补之云。
琅然。清圜。谁弹。响空山。
无言。惟翁醉中知其天。
月明风露娟娟。人未眠。
荷蒉过山前。曰有心也哉此贤。
醉翁啸咏，声和流泉。
醉翁去后，空有朝吟夜怨。
山有时而童颠，水有时而回川。
思翁无岁年，翁今为飞仙。
此意在人间，试听徽外三两弦。
醉翁操·琅然译文及注释
译文
欧阳修在滁州游琅琊幽谷，飞瀑鸣泉，声若环佩。美妙动人，乐而忘归，写了篇《醉翁亭记》，脍炙人口，当时就刻石立了碑。沈遵特意跑到滁州探访，见那琅琊山水确如醉翁妙笔所绘，就动了兴致，以琴寄趣，创作了一支宫声三叠的琴曲《醉翁吟》（即《醉翁操琅然》）。沈遵寻了个机会为欧阳修亲自弹奏此曲，欧阳修听了很高兴。并应沈的请求为该曲作了词。欧词自是大手笔，“然调不主声，为知琴者所惜。”调不主声就是唱不出来。沈遵的《醉翁吟》传开之后，引起了很多人的兴趣，不但争传《醉翁吟》琴曲，连欧阳修所作《醉翁吟》歌词，
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醉翁操·琅然创作背景
作者在词序中交待了写作此词的原委。因欧阳修在滁州游琅琊幽谷，飞瀑鸣泉，声若环佩。美妙动人，乐而忘归。后太常博士沈遵，依自然之声，谱为琴曲《醉翁操》。但此妙曲有声而无辞。欧阳修现存有《醉翁吟》（即《醉翁引》），苏轼以为与琴声不合，故有此作。
参考资料：
1、陶尔夫著 ．宋词今译 ：语文出版社 ，1995.7 ：第127页 ．
醉翁操·琅然鉴赏
这是琴曲，属正宫。苏轼词集原不载。同时郭祥玉效作一首。序云：“予甥以子瞻所作《醉翁操》见寄，未以为工也。倚其声作之。”此后，辛弃疾作一首，始编入集中，即正式沿用为词调。又，楼钥二首，其一和苏氏韵。宋人所作，合五首。双凋，九十一字。上片十句十平韵，下片十句八平韵。
苏轼此词就是专门为琴曲《醉翁操》这一天生绝妙之曲而谱写的。由于时代变迁，琴曲《醉翁操》原来是有其声而无其辞，此后乐谱失传，却变成有其辞而无其声。现传苏轼所作词，是否得其天籁，这就只能从语言文字中加以揣摩。
这首词上片，状写流泉之自然声响及其感人效果。
“琅然。清圜。谁弹。响空山。”四句为鸣泉飞瀑之所谓声若环佩，创造出一个美好意境。琅然，乃玉声。《楚辞·九歌》曰：“抚长剑兮玉珥，璆锵呜兮琳琅。”此用以状流泉之声响。“清圜”二字，有用以形容月亮的，如杜甫《舟中》诗曰：“今朝云细薄，昨夜月清园”；有用以形容荷叶的，如周邦彦《苏幕遮》词“水面清园，风荷举”；有用以形容声音的，如苏轼《一从花》词“钟鼓渐清园”。这里用来说声音——琅然的流泉，清越圆转；而以夜月作陪衬。谓：在此夜月清园而又十分幽静的山谷中，是谁弹起这一绝妙的乐曲？
“无言。惟翁醉中知其天。”这是上面设问的回答。谓：这是天地间自然生成的绝妙乐曲。这一绝妙乐曲，很少有人能得其妙趣，只有醉翁欧阳修能够于醉中得之，亦能理解其天然妙趣。于是，这就进一步表明了流泉声响之无限美妙。
“月明风露娟娟。人未眠。”一句不是正面写声响，但却说出了声响所产生的巨大感人效果。谓：在此明月之夜，“风含翠筱娟娟静，雨裹红蕖冉冉香”（杜甫《狂夫》诗句），人们因为受此美妙乐曲所陶醉，迟迟未能人眠。
“荷蒉过山前。曰有心也哉此贤。”上二句说一般人听此曲听得入了迷，此二句说这一乐曲如何打动了荷蒉者。《论语·宪问》曰：“子击磬于卫，有荷蒉而过孔氏之门者，曰：‘有心哉，击磬乎！’既而曰：‘鄙哉，硁硁乎！莫己知也，斯已而已矣。深则厉，浅则揭。’子曰：’果哉，末之难矣。”’词作将此流泉之声响比作孔子之击磬声，用荷蒉者对击磐声的评价，颂扬流泉之自然声响。
下片描述醉翁的啸咏声及琴曲声。“醉翁啸咏。声和流泉。”二句照应上片所说，只有醉翁欧阳修才能得其天然妙趣。欧阳修曾作《醉翁亭记》于滁州。在琅琊幽谷听鸣泉，且啸且咏，乐而忘返，天籁人籁，完全融为一体。
“醉翁去后，空有朝吟夜怨。”二句说醉翁离开滁州，流泉失去知音，只留下自然声响，但此自然声响，朝夕吟咏，似带有怨恨情绪。“怨”为平声，作名词解。
“山有时而童颠。水有时而回川。”二句说时光流转，山川变换。琅琊诸峰，林壑尤美，并非永远保持原状。童颠，指山无草木。谓：蔚然而深秀之琅琊，有时候也将失去其奇丽景象。至于水，同样也不是永远朝着一个方向往前流动的。因此，琅琊幽谷之呜泉也就不可能完美地保留下来。
“思翁无岁年，翁今为飞仙。”二句说山川变换，人事变换，人们因鸣泉而念及醉翁，而醉翁却已化仙而去。《十洲记》载：蓬莱山周回五千里，有圆海绕山，无风而洪波百丈，不可往来。唯飞仙能到其处耳。词作用此典，意即醉翁化为飞仙，一去不复返，鸣泉之美妙，也就再也无人聆赏了。
但是，“此意在人问，试听徽外三两弦。”二句说鸣泉虽不复存在，醉翁也已化为飞仙，但鸣泉之美妙乐曲，醉翁所追求之绝妙意境，却仍然留存人间，这就是琴曲《醉翁操》。因为琴曲《醉翁操》乃鸣泉之另一知音沈遵，以琴声描摹下来的乐曲，同是鸣泉之天然和声。词作最后将着眼点落在琴声上，突出了全词的主题。
从词意上看，词作写鸣泉及其和声，能将无形之声响写得如此真实可感，如果不是对于大自然的造化之工有着真切的体验，无论如何也不能臻于此境。而且，从格式上看，词作句式及字声配搭非常奇特。开头四句，“琅然。清圜。谁弹。响空山”，只有一个仄声字（“响”）。其余都是平声。接着两句亦然。这样的安排，恐怕与此曲所属宫调有关。同时，上二下两结句作七言拗句，上结“曰（入作去）有（上代平）心也（阳上作去）哉此贤”与下结“试听徽外三两弦”，四声相合，当也是特意安排（据盛配《词调订律》卷二十二）。这都是琴曲韵度所留下的音乐印记。
全词节奏鲜明，韵脚鲜明，读来朗朗上口，其中画面感十足，于乐曲搭配更见绝妙，实为不可多得的佳作，无怪乎清代陈廷焯《词则·别调集》中评价本词“清绝、高绝，不许俗人问津”。
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鲍照《
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代出自蓟北门行》
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刘禹锡《
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杨柳枝词九首·其一》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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敖陶孙
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阵云起西北，中原暗黄尘。
岂无匡时算，无路不得陈。
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寄荅子立董兄
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明代：
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边贡
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书来休更问新衔，蹇命非才久自谙。游屐谩誇探虎窟，钓竿何用狎龙潭。
终知展季三宜黜，岂但嵇康七不堪。传语故交虚北望，已看华发住江南。
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霜后纪园中草木十二绝 其六
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宋代：
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范成大
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牡丹初剪时，已具新花眼。代谢不容发，笑杀铁门限。
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梅岩
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：
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赵崇釠
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梅花应只在岩间，无奈官身不可攀。
几度句中寻夜佛，钜灵安得为移山。
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哀邻家
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：
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石介
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邻家不选翳，翳无救病术。
朝一翳工人，暮一翳工出。