村夜
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唐代]：白居易
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独出门前望野田，月明荞麦花如雪。(门前一作：前门)
村夜译文及注释
译文
在一片被寒霜打过的灰白色秋草中，小虫在窃窃私语着，山村周围行人绝迹。
我独自来到前门眺望田野，只见皎洁的月光照着一望无际的荞麦田，满地的荞麦花简直就像一片耀眼的白雪。
注释
霜草：被秋霜打过的草。
苍苍：灰白色。
切切：虫叫声。
绝：绝迹。
独：单独，一个人。
野田：田野。
荞麦：一年生草本植物，子实黑色有棱，磨成面粉可食用。
村夜创作背景
元和九年(814)，白居易怀着因母亲逝去而孤独寂寞的心情在渭村结合当时的夜景写下这首诗。
参考资料：
1、严杰 ．白居易选集 ：人民文学出版社 ，2002年 ：137 ．
2、时宜之 ．白居易诗歌精选 ：花山文艺出版社 ，1996年 ：133 ．
村夜鉴赏
这首诗没有惊人之笔，也不用艳词丽句，只以白描手法画出一个常见的乡村之夜。信手拈来，娓娓道出，却清新恬淡，诗意很浓。
“霜草苍苍虫切切，村南村北行人绝”，苍苍霜草，点出秋色的浓重；切切虫吟，渲染了秋夜的凄清。行人绝迹，万籁无声，两句诗鲜明勾画出村夜的特征：夜色深沉，秋色浓重，在秋霜的浸染下，草色茫茫。四下里一片寂静，行人绝迹。只有不知名的秋虫在低低的吟唱。这里虽是纯然写景，却如王国维《人间词话》所说：“一切景语皆情语”，萧萧凄凉的景物透露出诗人孤独寂寞的感情。这种寓情于景的手法比直接抒情更富有韵味。
“独出门前望野田”一句，既是诗中的过渡，将描写对象由村庄转向田野；又是两联之间的转折，收束了对村夜萧疏暗淡气氛的描绘，展开了另外一幅使读者耳目一新的画面：皎洁的月光朗照着一望无际的荞麦田，远远望去，灿烂耀眼，如同一片晶莹的白雪。
“月明荞麦花如雪”，这是十分动人的景色，大自然的如画美景感染了诗人，使诗人暂时忘却了他的孤寂，情不自禁地发出不胜惊喜的赞叹。这奇丽壮观的景象与前面两句的描写形成强烈鲜明的对比。诗人匠心独运地借自然景物的变换写出人物感情变化，写来灵活自如，不着痕迹；而且写得朴实无华，浑然天成，读来亲切动人，余味无穷。《唐宋诗醇》称赞它“一味真朴，不假妆点，自具苍老之致，七绝中之近古者”。
对这首诗表达的思想感情和写作手法的理解：因前后描写的景物不同，表达出诗人由孤独寂寞而兴奋自喜的感情变化。诗人以白描的手法描绘乡村夜景，于清新恬淡中蕴含了浓浓的诗意。诗中描写村夜，既有萧瑟凄凉，也有奇丽壮观，对比中构成乡村夜景。
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欧阳修《
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田家》
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吴激《
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题宗之家初序潇湘图》
白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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