南乡子·泪咽却无声
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清代]：纳兰性德
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泪咽却无声，只向从前悔薄情。凭仗丹青重省识，盈盈，一片伤心画不成。
别语忒分明，午夜鹣鹣梦早醒。卿自早醒侬自梦，更更，泣尽风檐夜雨铃。
南乡子·泪咽却无声译文及注释
译文
热泪双流却饮泣无声，只是痛悔从前没有珍视你的一往深情。想凭藉丹青来重新和你聚会，泪眼模糊心碎肠断不能把你的容貌画成。
离别时的话语还分明在耳，比翼齐飞的好梦半夜里被无端惊醒。你已自早早醒来我却还在梦中，哭尽深更苦雨风铃声声到天明。
注释
凭仗：倚着拐杖。
丹青：指亡妇的画像。
省（xǐng）识：记忆起、忆起。
盈盈：此语含有双关意，既有由省识得来的容貌比眼前的画像清晰之意，又有作者无限伤感充盈于怀之意。
忒（tè）：方言，太、特。
鹣鹣（jiān）：即鹣鸟，比翼鸟。似凫，青赤色，相得乃飞。常以之比喻夫妻合美。
更更：一更又一更，即指夜夜苦受熬煎。
参考资料：
1、田萍．《纳兰词全集鉴赏》：中国画报出版社，2013年：第45页
2、李元洛．《在天愿作比翼鸟·历代文人爱情诗词曲三百首》：湖南大学出版社，2000年：第393页
南乡子·泪咽却无声鉴赏
词的上阕，抒写了丹青重识的悲戚。睹物思人，自然情伤，更不用说是面对展露容颜笑貌的画像了。放“泪咽却无声”，起句感情凝重。因无声之泣比有声之哭更具酸楚之感，因而它的哀痛之情尤足悲人。“只向从前悔薄情”，语痛情切，读后如见作者对着画像呼唤亡灵表示悔痛的情景。从前未必薄情，然而言“悔薄情”者，严厉责己，正表现出爱之深、爱之切。“凭仗丹青重省识，一片伤心画不成”，道出了突然见到亡妻画像时的复杂心情与怆绝感情。生时虽然同床共席，但死别使他们分离，今天凭借画像重新见到了那清俊的面庞，盈盈的双目，怎能不使他悲伤欲绝呢？“画不成”这一句，用元好问《十日作》成句，意谓因伤心一片故难以握笔填词，上阕就在这样浓重的伤情中结束。
词的下阙写回忆诀别的哀痛。“别语忒分明”一句，虽未具体写别语的内容，但它包含着妻子临终时没说完的肺腑言、衷肠语。如今它是那样清楚地回响在耳边。当时，他并未意识到这是最后的声音，孰料它竟成永别的遗言！言犹在耳，痛定恩痛，令人不胜其哀。“午夜”三句，以“梦”喻生，以“醒”喻死。“午夜鹣鹣梦早醒”，喻他们夫妇如比翼之鸟情深意蜜，却中道分离。这里用“避讳”手法，不忍言死，既以减轻自己的悲伤，也表现出他对妻子的挚爱。自妻子死后，他时刻处于思念之中，尤其在深夜，听着风吹檐前铁马，更鼓声声，痛悼、思念之情，便齐涌心头，常常泣不成声。“卿自早醒侬自梦，更更，泣尽风檐夜雨铃”之句，化用唐明皇闻铃总念杨贵妃作《雨淋霖》曲的典故，抒发了这种恨好景不常、好梦易醒，无限思念、无比哀痛的感情。
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纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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