蝶恋花·画阁归来春又晚
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宋代]：欧阳修
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画阁归来春又晚。燕子双飞，柳软桃花浅。细雨满天风满院，愁眉敛尽无人见。
独倚阑干心绪乱。芳草芊绵，尚忆江南岸。风月无情人暗换，旧游如梦空肠断。
蝶恋花·画阁归来春又晚译文及注释
译文
从楼阁归来，才发现今年的春天又迟到了。燕子双双齐飞，垂柳低软，桃花已经凋零残败。落花像撩人的细雨洒满了半空，和风习习充满了庭院。独自皱眉，满怀的愁苦没有人能感受。
一个人孤独地靠着栏杆，心思如麻又烦乱。芳草萋萋，回忆了一番江南岸。清风明月没有感情，暗将人的模样改变，昔日的游览如梦一样，哪里经受得起重提？我这里白白地极度悲痛。
注释
蝶恋花：唐教坊曲名。本名《鹊踏枝》。晏殊词改今名。调名取梁简文帝萧纲诗句“翻阶蛱蝶恋花情”中的三字。双调，六十字，十句，上下片各五句四仄韵。一般用来填写多愁善感和缠绵悱恻的内容。
画阁：华美的楼阁。
桃花浅：是说春晚桃花开残，树上的花朵显得稀薄了。
细雨：小雨。
愁眉：发愁时皱着的眉头。唐白居易《晚春沽酒》：“不如贫贱日，随分开愁眉。”敛尽：收拾、整理干净。
心绪：心思，心情。
芊（qiān）绵：草木茂密繁盛。刘禹锡《省试风光草际浮》：“乍疑芊绵里，稍动丰茸际。”
暗换：不知不觉地更换。
旧游：昔日的游览。
参考资料：
1、谭新红．欧阳修词全集 ：崇文书局，2014：69
2、刘扬忠．唐宋词精华分卷 ：朝华出版社，1991：271
蝶恋花·画阁归来春又晚创作背景
这首词的具体创作年代不详。词人早年参加“庆历新政”，但不久革新失败，词人屡受贬谪。晚年虽奉诏回京，恢复馆阁之职，但新政失败给他留下的精神创伤，是难以愈合的。这首词从首句“画阁归来春又晚”推测，大约作于回京不久。
参考资料：
1、刘扬忠．唐宋词精华分卷 ：朝华出版社，1991：271
2、程自信，许宗元．宋词精华分类品汇：中国青年出版社，1994：20
蝶恋花·画阁归来春又晚鉴赏
上片侧重描写女主人公从画阁归来所见的晚春景象。首句一声“春又晚”的叹息，惜春之情溢于言表。“燕子双飞，柳软桃花浅。”从这两句可见归者是独归，所以用此景反衬孤独。“细雨满天风满院”此句既是写景，又衬托出女主人公哀婉绵密的情感。“柳软”、“细雨”两句，具体描写晚春时节令人伤心的风雨落花景象。“愁眉敛尽无人见”将女主人公的形象画进了这幅残春风景图中，人景交融，凸显了他的忧愁孤独之状。此片情景交融，将人的哀婉之情融进残春风雨中。
下片主要写主人公的伤离怨别之情。“独”字描绘出女主人公的孤独寂寞，“乱”字则写出她内心的悲凉愁思，表现其形单影只，心烦意乱的心境。“芳草芊绵，尚忆江南岸。”二句描绘她此时目之所及、心之所想，道出愁思的原因，点出离别相思之愁。“人暗换”不仅惋叹当年志同道合之友风流云散，或死或老，也暗寓对朝政日非的愤慨，诅咒岁月“无情”，也暗含对朝廷的贬刺。末两句点出伤春怨别的主题，一直抒胸臆结束全篇。此片主要是由景及情，直接抒发伤春怨别之情。
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欧阳修简介
唐代·欧阳修的简介
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欧阳修（1007－1072），字永叔，号醉翁，晚号“六一居士”。汉族，吉州永丰（今江西省永丰县）人，因吉州原属庐陵郡，以“庐陵欧阳修”自居。谥号文忠，世称欧阳文忠公。北宋政治家、文学家、史学家，与韩愈、柳宗元、王安石、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、曾巩合称“唐宋八大家”。后人又将其与韩愈、柳宗元和苏轼合称“千古文章四大家”。
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