春愁曲
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唐代]：温庭筠
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红丝穿露珠帘冷，百尺哑哑下纤绠。
远翠愁山入卧屏，两重云母空烘影。
凉簪坠发春眠重，玉兔煴香柳如梦。
锦叠空床委堕红，飔飔扫尾双金凤。
蜂喧蝶驻俱悠扬，柳拂赤阑纤草长。
觉后梨花委平绿，春风和雨吹池塘。
春愁曲译文及注释
译文
用红丝串起露珠一样的珠子做成的帘幕，晶莹透亮，漂亮的珠帘像瀑布一样，“哑哑”地舒放下来。
围绕着睡床的屏风绘有山水，画意清远；地上的熏炉中，双层的云母隔火板上朦胧映出炭火的红光。
在春寒中发簪也带着凉意，床角的兔形小薰炉里香料暗燃，笼罩在烟幕中的柳树给人以如梦似幻之感。
皱叠如浪的红锦被上是拖着长尾、展翅对飞的金凤纹样，凉风吹着一头垂悬如凤尾的发簪缓缓摇曳。
蜜蜂嘤嘤嗡嗡，蝴蝶飞飞停停，悠扬不断，杨柳依依，细草茵茵，柳丝轻柔地拂着赤阑桥的栏杆。
一觉醒来，满树梨花落在绿色的园地上，春风和雨吹拂着池塘的水面，池塘水面上泛起阵阵涟漪。
注释
哑哑（yā）：象声词，辘轳汲水时的声音。下纤绠（gěng）：放下帘绳。纤绠，本意是井绳，这里是指帘绳。绠，汲水的绳索。
云母：云母为饰的屏风。空烘影：空自映照着屏风内之人的孤影。
凉簪（zān）：以玻璃为饰的簪子。
玉兔：指玉兔为饰的香炉。或指月亮。煴（yùn）香：一作“氤氲”，烟雾弥漫貌。柳如梦：意谓笼罩在烟幕中的柳树给人以如梦似幻的感觉。
锦叠：指锦被。委堕红：锦被一端坠在床下，可见卧床之人辗转难眠。堕，一作“坠”。
飔（sī）飔：凉风。扫尾：拂动凤尾。双金凤：双股的金凤钗，或钗上有一双金凤。此钗疑为步摇簪，即簪钗一头垂悬着吊坠似的饰品，可以边走边摆动。
赤阑：赤阑桥，长安城郊桥名，后多泛指男女或朋友相会之处。阑，即“栏”。
委：散落。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（下）．上海：上海古籍出版社，1986：1476
2、袁行霈．中国文学史（第二卷）．北京：高等教育出版社，1999：412-414
春愁曲创作背景
温庭筠的乐府诗绝大多数是描写女性的。这首《春愁曲》就是其中之一，是为表现空守闺房的女性的愁思与孤寂而作的。其具体创作时间难以确证。
参考资料：
1、高慎涛.中晚唐诗的词体特质——以温庭筠诗的词化现象为中心.江汉论坛,2015(6)
春愁曲鉴赏
这是一首闺怨诗。全诗写女子之愁，虽然是春天，但“珠帘”是冷的，镜中的人也是孤单的，与“双金凤”恰好形成映衬，久睡不醒，梦中的香暖又与现实的寂冷形成鲜明对比，醒来后看着斜风吹着细雨落入池塘，心中的惆怅犹如涟漪一圈一圈散开，久久挥之不去。虽然是主要描摹闺中细节和女子所见所闻，但描摹得非常细腻，全诗的愁情于词句间蔓延纸外，有耐人寻味之愁。
此诗开头两句写破晓时的外景。“冷”，说明气候还处于春寒料峭之中，也渲染出深闺冷清的气氛。“百尺哑哑下纤绠”运用了夸张的手法，说珠帘长达百尺，既写出了女子住处的豪华，同时也写出了深闺的孤寂。在写了哑哑而下的珠帘之后，第三至八句描绘了美人空床独眠的画面。先描写室内环境，再出现了睡梦中的女人的形象，其情景给人一种凄清的感觉。第九、十两句借旖旎的春光反衬美人孤独寂寞。末尾两句描写女子睡醒后的所见所感，以风雨送春之景，写春光虚度、美人迟暮之感。“梨花委地”，“春风吹池”，让她回到的现实。但这“梨花”“春风”并不是给她美的享受，而是心灵上的刺激，只能加重伤春情绪。温庭筠是质感的大师，是物质世界的敏锐察觉者，华丽但并无生命的日常物品，经他笔触一点，便魔幻般地有了生气，一个个都变成了暗夜中的精灵，随着夜的节奏轻轻呼吸。
此诗写闺中春愁，在艺术上的重要特征是用细节描摹闺中的伤春幽怨情绪。诗中对女主人公之外貌、心理、行动均不作正面描绘刻画，完全藉环境气氛之烘托渲染与自然景物之映衬暗示透露，写法细腻婉曲，俨然花间词境。如“远翠”二句之与《菩萨蛮·小山重叠金明灭》“小山重叠金明灭，鬓云欲度香腮雪”，“玉兔”句之与《菩萨蛮·水精帘里颇黎枕》“江上柳如烟，雁飞残月天”，“觉后”二句之与《菩萨蛮·南园满地堆轻絮》“雨后却斜阳，杏花零落香”、《菩萨蛮·玉楼明月长相忆》“花落子规啼，绿窗残梦迷”，取象造境，均极相似。但其此类作品由于刻意追摹李贺，不仅意境较为隐晦，语言亦时有生硬拗涩之处，与其词之圆融自然有别；表现亦稍嫌繁尽，不如其词之含蓄蕴藉。
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杜甫《
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赠别郑炼赴襄阳》
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赵鼎《
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蝶恋花·河中作》
温庭筠简介
唐代·温庭筠的简介
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温庭筠（约812—866）唐代诗人、词人。本名岐，字飞卿，太原祁（今山西祁县东南）人。富有天才，文思敏捷，每入试，押官韵，八叉手而成八韵，所以也有“温八叉”之称。然恃才不羁，又好讥刺权贵，多犯忌讳，取憎于时，故屡举进士不第，长被贬抑，终生不得志。官终国子助教。精通音律。工诗，与李商隐齐名，时称“温李”。其诗辞藻华丽，秾艳精致，内容多写闺情。其词艺术成就在晚唐诸词人之上，为“花间派”首要词人，对词的发展影响较大。在词史上，与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”。存词七十余首。后人辑有《温飞卿集》及《金奁集》。
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至日留安肃署中
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明代：
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韩日缵
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为问朝衣夜向晨，王程留滞动经旬。人间添线怜贫女，天上传餐赐近臣。
预遣荔生能应节，即防柳弱欲偷春。应知晴日无云物，肃望分明见北辰。