蝶恋花·密州上元
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 93
宋代]：苏轼
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 114
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 114
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 114
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 114
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
灯火钱塘三五夜，明月如霜，照见人如画。帐底吹笙香吐麝，更无一点尘随马。
寂寞山城人老也！击鼓吹箫，却入农桑社。火冷灯稀霜露下，昏昏雪意云垂野。
蝶恋花·密州上元译文及注释
译文
杭州城的元宵夜，明月好似霜，照得人好似一幅画。帐底吹笙，燃香的香气好似麝香，更无一点尘土随着马而去。
寂寞的密州城里人们都老了，人们沿街击鼓吹箫而行，最后却转到农桑社祭祀土地神。灯火清冷稀少霜露降下，阴暗昏沉的乌云笼罩着大地，要下雪了。
注释
蝶恋花：唐教坊曲，本名《鹊踏枝》，宋晏殊词改今名，取自梁简文帝诗句“翻阶峡蝶恋花情”。《乐章集》注：小石调；赵令畤词注：商调；《太平乐府》注：双调。冯延巳词，有“杨柳风轻，展尽黄金缕”句，名《黄金缕》；赵令畤词，有“不卷珠帘，人在深深院”句，名《卷珠帘》；司马槱词，有“夜凉明月生南浦”句，名《明月生南浦》；韩淲词，有“细雨吹池沼”句，名《细雨吹池沼》；贺铸词，名《凤栖梧》；李石词，名《一箩金》；衷元吉词，名《鱼水同欢》；沈会宗词，名《转调蝶恋花》。上元：即正月十五日元宵节，也叫上元节，因有观灯之风俗，亦称“灯节”。
钱塘：此处代指杭州城。三五夜：即每月十五日夜，此处指元宵节。
“照见”句：形容杭州城元宵节的繁华、热闹景象。
帐：此处指富贵人家元宵节时在堂前悬挂的帏帐。香吐麝：意谓富贵人家的帐底吹出一阵阵的麝香气。麝：即麝香，名贵的香料。
“更无”句：说的是江南气清土润，行马无尘。唐人苏味道《上元》诗：“暗尘随马去，明月逐人来。”
山城：此处指密州。
“击鼓”句：形容密州的元宵节远没有杭州的元宵节热闹，只有在农家社稷时才有鼓箫乐曲。社：农村节日祭祀活动。《周礼》：“凡国祈年于田租，吹《豳雅》，击土鼓，以乐田畯（农神）。”王维《凉州郊外游望》：“婆娑依里社，箫鼓赛田神。”
“昏昏”句：意谓密州的元宵节十分清冷，不仅没有笙箫，连灯火也没有，只有云垂旷野，意浓浓。垂，靠近。
参考资料：
1、刘石评注 ．唐宋名家诗词苏轼词：人民文学出版社，2012年11月 ：47-49
2、《读点经典》编委会．豪放词圣苏东坡·辛弃疾名词名句：凤凰出版社，2012年6月：42
蝶恋花·密州上元创作背景
此词作于公元1075年（熙宁八年），时苏轼在密州。词人此时是刚来密州任知州，正好遇到元宵佳节，在街上看灯，观月时的情景和由此而产生的感想故而写下此词。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋,周汝昌等 ．《唐宋词鉴赏辞典》（唐·五代·北宋卷）：上海辞书出版社，1988-04：699-701
蝶恋花·密州上元鉴赏
此词作于公元1075年（熙宁八年），时苏轼在密州。全词用粗笔勾勒的手法，抓住杭州、密州气候、地理、风俗等方面各自的特点，描绘了杭州上元和密州上元节的不同景象，流露了作者对杭州的思念和初来密州时的寂寞心情。
这首词题记为“密州上元”，词却从钱塘的上元夜写起。钱塘也就是杭州，苏轼曾那里过了三个元宵节。元宵的特点，就是“灯火”。东坡用一句“灯火钱塘三五夜”，点出灯夕的盛况。“明月如霜”，写月光之白。李白曾有诗云：“床前明月光，疑是地上霜。”但元宵夜月正圆，灯月交辉，引来满城男女游赏，元宵节是宋代一个很重要的节日。这一天街人游人如织，男子歌啸而行，好盛装而出。难怪东坡要写月光“照见人如画”了。这还是街市的游人。至于富贵人家庆赏元宵，又另有一种排场。作者一句“帐底吹笙香吐麝”写尽杭州城官宦人家过节的繁奢情景。“更无一点尘随马”，化用苏味道《正月十五夜》诗“暗尘随马去，明月逐人来”句，进一步从动态写游人。说“无一点尘”，更显江南气候之清润。
上阕描写杭州元宵景致，作者此时是刚来密州任知州，正好遇到元宵佳节，在街上看灯，观月时的情景和由此而产生的感想。词句虽不多，却也“有声有色”。写灯、写月、写人，声色交错，充分展现了杭州元宵节的热闹、繁荣景象。
下阕描写密州上元。“寂寞山城人老也”是一句过片，使情调陡然一转，用“寂寞”二字，将前面“钱塘三五夜”那一片热闹景象全部移来，为密州上元作反衬，形成鲜明的对比，写出了密州上元的寂寞冷清。无须多着一字，便觉清冷萧索。结句“火冷灯稀霜露下，昏昏雪意云垂野”则不但写出了密州气候的寒冷，而且也让人感觉到环境的空旷苍凉。
作者“曾经沧海难为水”，见过了杭州上元的热闹，再来看密州上元自觉凄清。更何况他这一次由杭州调知密州，环境和条件出现了很大的变化，心情完全不同。首先，密州不比杭州，贫穷，劳顿又粗陋，再无江南之诗情。而更让他感到“寂寞”，感到郁郁不乐的是这里连年蝗旱，民不聊生。作为一个爱民之官，他又怎能快乐开怀呢？这位刚到任年仅四十的“使君”不禁有“人老也”之叹。他这上元之夜，随意闲行，听到箫鼓之声，走去一看，原来是村民正举行社祭，祈求丰年。这里农民祈年的场面和箫鼓之声，让作者久久不能离去。直到夜深“火冷灯稀霜露下”，郊外彤云四垂，阴霾欲雪。“昏昏雪意云垂野”一句，表面上意象凄惨，却是写出了他心中的希望，有一种“瑞雪兆丰年”的喜悦之情。
苏轼这首《蝶恋花》，确是“有境界”之作，写出了对“凡耳目之所接者”的真实感受，抒发了对国计民生的忧患之情。内容、笔墨不囿于成规，自抒胸臆，意之所到，笔亦随之，不求工而自工。此词运用了转折、反衬等章法技巧，体现出了他当时的境遇和心情。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 169
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
赵鼎《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
鹧鸪天·建康上元作》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 193
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
萧观音《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
怀古》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 222
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 228
苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
馀思
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
郭之奇
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
或歌或罢有馀思，不可如何赋远而。日月惊心成老大，风云逼眼动愁悲。
人间美景当头错，山背烟容觌面欺。斗室何关终古事，此中惆怅复谁知。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
立秋前荷溪
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
清代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
戴亨
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
书斋西数武，别有远尘天。芒履偶然到，沧洲久自专。
藤萝垂暮雨，桑柘起疏烟。景色新秋近，轻凉亦可怜。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
和李啸楼先生三醉木芙蓉原韵 其三
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
刘凤梧
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
霜华争妒雁来红，时白时黄变幻中。太液遗芳今有主，莫因人去怅庭空。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
景州城外
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
俞得鲤
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
曲路重关小有天，招招酒旆解留仙。荒城古塔凌霄汉，古树层台薄晚烟。
灯火前街人似沸，鸡声寒店夜如年。千般总是征途味，留得霜华到鬓边。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
离蔡州
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
郑獬
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
风吹醉面出南州，两行红裙立马头。
已过落花时节晚，不须再拜苦相留。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
春帖子词二十首·十夫人合五首
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
欧阳修
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
玉殿签声玉漏催，彩花金胜巧先裁。
宿云容与朝晖丽，共喜春随曙色来。