题张氏隐居二首
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唐代]：杜甫
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春山无伴独相求，伐木丁丁山更幽。
涧道馀寒历冰雪，石门斜日到林丘。
不贪夜识金银气，远害朝看麋鹿游。
乘兴杳然迷出处，对君疑是泛虚舟。
之子时相见，邀人晚兴留。
霁潭鳣发发，春草鹿呦呦。
杜酒偏劳劝，张梨不外求。
前村山路险，归醉每无愁。
题张氏隐居二首译文及注释
译文
春日的山中独处无伴，因而特意把您访求，丁丁的伐木声使山谷更显清幽。
经残余着寒气和冻雪的山涧通道，历石门古道于傍晚时分到达您的隐居处。
您从不贪财，夜间也不去观看金银之气；只愿躲避灾祸，每天欣赏麋鹿闲游。
我乘兴而来，为您的情怀所感而迷路；面对您，仿佛是坐上随意漂游之小舟。
张先生啊，您经常和我相见，眼下天色已晚，却仍邀请我留下，以尽晚间雅兴。
晴明的潭水上，鳣鱼游跃，弄出“发发”之响。春天草野间，传来“呦呦”鹿鸣。
酒本是我杜家的，却偏偏劳您来劝我；梨本是你张府上的，自然不必向外找。
前村的山路虽然艰险，却已在醉中走熟；让我们尽情地喝吧，来一个一醉方休。
注释
张氏隐居：指张氏隐居之处。张氏：可能指张玠。杜甫晚年有《别张十三建封》。张建封，兖州（今属山东）人。张玠为其父。
春山：指春日山中。庾信诗：“春山百鸟啼。”无伴：语出刘琨诗：“独生无伴。”相求：互相寻求。《易》：“同气相求。”
伐木丁丁（zhēngzhēng）：语出《诗经·小雅·伐木》：“伐木丁丁，鸟鸣嘤嘤。嘤其鸣矣，求其友声。”《小序》：“《伐木》，燕朋友故旧也。”注：“丁丁，伐木声。”山更幽：语出王籍诗：“鸟鸣山更幽。”
涧道：山涧通道。冰雪：犹言冻雪，冰读去声。
斜日：傍晚时西斜的太阳。阴铿诗：“翠柳将斜日。”林丘：指隐居的地方。谢惠连诗：“落雪洒林丘。”
远害：避免祸害。《晏子春秋》：“可谓能远害矣。”麋（mí）鹿游：比喻繁华之地变为荒凉之所。《史记·李斯传》：“麋鹿游于朝。”
乘兴：兴会所至。《世说》：王徽之曰：“我本乘兴而行。”杳（yǎo）然：渺远貌。迷出处：一作“迷去处”。沈佺期诗：“此中迷出处。”卢照邻诗：“桃源迷处所。”
对君：语本庾信诗：“对君俗人眼。”虚舟：谓空无所系。无人驾御的船只。
之子：这个人。指张氏。
晚兴：至晚未衰之兴致。杜审言诗：“圣情留晚兴。”
霁潭：一作“济潭”，是指济水言。仇兆鳌按：前章云“林丘”，本章云“山路”，则知不在济水傍矣。以霁对春，正切时景。鳣（zhān）发（bō）发：发发：盛貌。
呦呦：象声词。鹿鸣声。《诗经》：“呦呦鹿鸣”。苏武诗：“鹿鸣思野草，可以喻嘉宾。”
杜酒：家酿的薄酒。史传杜康造酒，故称。此亦有杜甫自诩之意。
张梨：典出潘岳《闲居赋》：“张公大谷之梨。”可知张公梨乃时名产也；此处借指张氏所产的梨。谢灵运诗：“得性非外求。”
前村：语本沈炯诗：“火炬前村发。”山路：语本杨炯诗：“山路绕羊肠”。
题张氏隐居二首创作背景
这组诗当作于唐玄宗开元二十四年（736年），时杜甫游于齐赵。第一首七律大概作于初识张氏时，第二首五律大概作于与张氏熟识后。
题张氏隐居二首鉴赏
这组诗共两首，第一首是七律，大概在初识张氏时所作，形容他的为人。仇兆鳌《杜诗详注》认为：前四句写景，后四句抒情，中间大概为分段处。若细分之，首句张氏，次句隐居。三四句切隐居，言路之僻远，五六句切张氏，言人之廉静。末二句说得宾主两忘，情与境俱化。
诗人在诗中用了反衬手法表现人的孤寂和山的幽静：“春山处处子规声”（清陆以湉《冷庐杂识·潘太守诗》），而张氏却独生无伴，只好自说自话，以春山的“闹”衬托孤寂的人，人越发孤寂了；丁丁的伐木声，以“有声”衬托幽静的山，山越发幽静了。诗人用典故表现张氏的廉静：《南史》载梁隐士孔祐至行通神，尝见四明山谷中有钱数百斛，视之如瓦石。《关中记》：辛孟年七十，与麋鹿同群，世谓仙鹿。而结尾二句，更是诗人的良苦用心：“迷出处”，暗示张氏迷人的隐居环境如同桃花源，使诗人“迷不复得路”（陶渊明《桃花源记》）；“泛虚舟”，则表现“至行通神”张氏的飘逸与神秘。
第二首为五律。大约跟张氏已很相熟了，所以开首便道“之子时相见”，《杜诗镜铨》以为“当是数至后再题”，《杜诗详注》以为“往来非一度矣”，皆是。
虽是一首应酬之作，却可以看出作者的人情味与风趣。这首诗直说与用典双管齐下。直说与用典是古诗常用的两种表现方法，如不能分辨，诗意便不明白。在这里却两两密合。假如当作直说看，那简直接近白话；假如当作用典看，那又大半都是些典故，所谓无一句无来历。但这是形迹，杜诗往往如此，不足为奇。它能够有风趣，方是真正的难得。
如“之子”翻成白话当说“这人”或“这位先生”，但“之子”却见《毛诗》。第三句，池中鲤鱼很多，游来游去；第四句鹿在那边吃草呦呦地叫；但“鳣鲔发发”，“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹”，并见《毛诗》。用经典成语每苦迂腐板重，在这儿却一点也不觉得，故前人评：“三四驱遣六艺却极清秀。”而且鹿鸣原诗有宴乐嘉宾之意，所以这第四句虽写实景，已景中含情，承上启下了。
“杜酒”一联，几乎口语体，偏又用典故来贴切宾主的姓。杜康是创制秫酒的人。“张公大谷之梨”，见潘岳《闲居赋》。这典故用得非常巧，显出主人的情重来，已是文章本天成，尤妙在说得这样轻灵自然。《杜诗镜铨》说：“巧对，蕴藉不觉。”慰藉不觉正是风趣的一种铨表。
诗还用透过一层的写法。文章必须密合当时的实感，这原是通例。但这个现实性却不可呆看，有些地方正以不必符合为佳。惟其不很符合，才能把情感表现得非常圆满，也就是进一步合乎现实了。这诗末联“前村山路险，归醉每无愁”就是这样。想那前村的山路很险，又喝醉了酒，跌跌蹱蹱地回去，仿佛盲人瞎马夜半深池的光景，没有不发愁之理；所以这诗末句实在该当作“归醉每应愁”的，但他偏不说“应愁”，颠倒说“无愁”。“无愁”虽非实感，却能进一步地表现这主题──主人情重，客人致谢，宾主极欢。
在这情景下，那么不管老杜他在那天晚上愁也不愁，反正必须说“无愁”的。所以另外本可以有一个比较自然合理的解释，喝醉了所以不知愁；但也早被前人给否决了。《杜诗集评》引李天生说：“末二句谓与张深契，故醉归忘山路之险，若云醉而不知，则浅矣。”杜甫正要借这该愁而不愁来表示他对主人的倾倒和感谢，若把自己先形容成了一个酒糊涂，那诗意全失，不仅杀风景而已。又这一句结出首联的意思来，“邀人晚兴留”是这诗里主要的句子。
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白朴《
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醉中天·佳人脸上黑痣》
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纳兰性德《
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虞美人·黄昏又听城头角》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫（712－770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等，汉族，河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市）人，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”，其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民，人格高尚，他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来，诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都，后世有杜甫草堂纪念。
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风尘三载羽书驰，填海曾闻精卫悲。岂意上官专草稿，翻令巷伯叹南箕。
铄金祗为招群忌，投杼何当慰母疑。行矣帝乡犹未远，还胜凝碧望阍时。
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赠诗奚黄懿卿谑来献
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明代：
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邓云霄
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书记翩翩清且嘉，偶携龙剑事张华。行吟常负囊中锦，同梦曾偷笔里花。
白社径堪呼小友，青云犹许附名家。主人最是怜才者，岂似方回浪自誇？
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长信草
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清代：
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宋徵舆
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青青长信草，无意学逢迎。不厌凄凉地，春来还自生。
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鹊桥仙 七夕雨
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明代：
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俞彦
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珠蕊初翻，银河乍满，风浪其间惯历。须信来宵忆此宵，总迢递、应强寥寂。
无赖封姨，多情乌鹊，毕竟佳期还觅。别离岁岁一般情，又何用、常年悲戚。
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诗偈 其一七八
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唐代：
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庞蕴
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行学非真道，徒劳神与躯。千里寻月影，终是枉工夫。
不悟缘声色，当今学者疏。但看起灭处，此个是真如。