减字木兰花·烛花摇影
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清代]：纳兰性德
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烛花摇影，冷透疏衾刚欲醒。待不思量，不许孤眠不断肠。
茫茫碧落，天上人间情一诺。银汉难通，稳耐风波愿始从。
减字木兰花·烛花摇影译文及注释
译文
孤灯明灭，冷夜孤枕，欲睡还醒，不能思量，思量就会断肠。
天上人间，阴阳两隔，即使一诺千金也换不回原来的生活。渴盼能够相逢重聚，即使要忍耐着银河里的风波，也甘愿从头开始。
注释
烛花摇影：谓烛影晃动。
疏衾（qīn）：单薄的被子。
“待不”句：谓打算不去思念对方。
碧落：青天。“碧落”是道家所称东方第一层天，因碧霞满空而称“碧落”。
一诺：指说话守信用。
银汉：银河。
耐：忍受。风波：喻指患难。愿：愿望。始：才。从：遂愿。
参考资料：
1、汪政，陈如江．《纳兰词》．杭州：浙江教育出版社，2008：129
2、王友胜，童向飞．《纳兰词注》．长沙：岳麓书社，2004：147
3、程秀波．《纳兰词》．沈阳：万卷出版公司，2011：83
减字木兰花·烛花摇影鉴赏
“烛花摇影，冷透疏衾刚欲醒。”开篇即是烛影摇曳、似梦还醒的迷茫凄冷景象。“烛花摇影”是一个很典型的诗词意象。宋代词人方千里《还京乐》中有句“怅画烛摇影，易积银盘红泪”，这是繁丽绮艳的花间风格。宋人洪咨夔《浣溪沙》也有句：“烛摇斜吹泪空煎。”在纳兰词中，“灯”的意象多次出现。这大概是因为“灯”在凄冷孤独之夜能给人带来温暖和光明，有一种安恬的家的氛围。而孤独的人对青灯，则别有怀抱，心中有说不尽的万千思绪。事实上，纳兰容若在前面的许多悼亡词中，都写到了一个生活细节：“半月前头扶病，剪刀声、犹共银釭。”妻子去世前半个月，还扶病剪灯花，以致那剪刀声在纳兰耳畔久久萦回。这个剪烛花的细节或许可以成为“烛花摇影”的解读契机。“冷透疏衾”，“疏衾”是指因一个人孤身而眠而显得宽松疏阔的被衾。“冷透”二字自是人的主观感受，因孤寂而生寒意。一个“透”字则说明心中悲凉至极。
“待不思量，不许孤眠不断肠。”烛花摇影，香消被冷。此时岂不思量，可曾相忘。这“待不思量”似是出自苏轼《江城子·乙卯正月二十日夜记梦》：“十年生死两茫茫，不思量，自难忘。”“不许孤眠不断肠”也似从这首词中“料得年年肠断处，明月夜，短松冈”中而来。只是这里纳兰容若用的反语，其时正是思绪纷纭，孤眠断肠。
“茫茫碧落，天上人间情一诺。”这一句纳兰容若化用白居易的《长恨歌》：“上穷碧落下黄泉，两处茫茫皆不见”，意境甚是阔大，笔下也甚见骨力。接着，纳兰却以“天上人间情一诺”，极言对爱情的忠贞守信。这一句可以引起读者许多联想。这里的“茫茫碧落，天上人间情一诺”，从正面表达了纳兰容若对于爱情诺言的态度，就是：“山无棱，天地合，乃敢与君绝。”这一生死不渝的爱情誓言。
“银汉难通，稳耐风波愿始从。”这结句显然是一个坚韧的承诺。“银汉难通”说吗了茫茫银河难渡，正是用的七夕牛女相会的典故。“稳耐风波愿始从”，银河茫茫难渡，只有忍耐着那些风波、磨难才会如愿以偿。
汤显祖在《牡丹亭》序中说：“情不知所起，一往而深。生者可以死，死可以生。生而不可与死，死而不可复生者，皆非情之至也。”纵使银河有重重阻隔，纵使银汉遥迢，岁月浩瀚，而生命却如此短暂，纳兰的这首词也恰好告诉人们爱情只有坚忍承受一切患难与波折，才会终生相随，不离不弃。
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纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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