定西番·汉使昔年离别
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唐代]：温庭筠
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汉使昔年离别。攀弱柳，折寒梅，上高台。
千里玉关春雪，雁来人不来。羌笛一声愁绝，月徘徊。
定西番·汉使昔年离别译文及注释
译文
长叹愁思，与你离别之情，攀爬在稀疏的柳枝上、折断的梅枝上、还有西部的楼台上，难舍难分。
千里之外的边关覆盖在春雪里，远去的雁群已经飞来，却不见你的身影。那长叹愁思，只有月亮的影子在西北戈壁滩上徘徊。
注释
定西番：唐教坊曲名，后用作词调名。此调有不同格体，俱为双调，这里列举一体，三十五字，上片四句一仄韵两平韵：下片四句，两仄韵两平韵。四平韵为主，三仄韵借叶。
汉使：本指汉朝出使西域的官员，这里泛指远戍西陲的将士。
攀弱柳：古人有折柳赠别的习俗。
折寒梅：折梅花以赠远人。南朝宋陆凯《赠范晔》：“折花逢驿使，寄与陇头人。江南无所有，聊赠一枝春。”
上高台：登台遥望，以寄乡思。
玉关：即玉门关，在今甘肃敦煌。
羌（qiāng）笛：古老的单簧气鸣乐器，已有2000多年历史，流行在四川北部阿坝藏羌自治州羌族居住之地。
月徘徊：意谓月亮也被凄怨的笛声所感动而在空中徘徊。
参考资料：
1、陈如江编注．红楼别夜堪惆怅 花间词：山东文艺出版社，2014.08：第21页
2、周青著．青蛾文集 3：天津人民美术出版社，2013.11：第67页
定西番·汉使昔年离别创作背景
这首词具体创作年份未知。此篇是为汉朝和番出塞的女子留恋家乡，万不得已而去，到了边关以后长年思念故土，乡愁日深，无法排解创作的一首词。
参考资料：
1、顾农，徐侠著．花间派词传 温庭筠 、皇甫松、韦庄等：吉林人民出版社，1999：第60页
定西番·汉使昔年离别鉴赏
此词表现GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人思妇的离愁别怨。
上片采用铺叙的手法。点明人物、时间、情事，追述GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人当年离别的情景。“攀弱柳”句，通过一连串的动作描写。组接成动人的离别画面，蕴含着依依难舍的深情。攀柳、折梅、上高台，这些动作均围绕“汉使离别”这一中心而层层展开。既有鲜明的人物形象。又蕴涵浓浓的离别情意。所以耐人寻味。
换头处描写思妇遥想边塞风物，“千里玉关春雪”。构成一幅富有边塞特征的辽阔苍茫的画卷，寄托着对于远方亲人的急切思念;然而“雁来人不来”，表达出失望寂寥的愁告。结末两句借助富有特征性的羌笛、明月视听意象的刻撕，消染出凄清、悲凉的情感氛围，渗透着GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人思妇格外浓烈的悲。王昌龄《从军行》诗歌写道：“更吹羌笛《关山月》，无怨之意。那金闺万里愁。”温词与王诗具有异曲同工之妙。
作品摆脱了温词绮美秫艳的一般风格，而是择用歌咏边塞题材的典型意象，通过短促刚直的句式、质朴简洁的语言。更为深切自然地抒写了GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人思妇的愁怨，带来了独特的审美享受。
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温庭筠《
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菩萨蛮·杏花含露团香雪》
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崔国辅《
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怨诗二首·其二》
温庭筠简介
唐代·温庭筠的简介
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温庭筠（约812—866）唐代诗人、词人。本名岐，字飞卿，太原祁（今山西祁县东南）人。富有天才，文思敏捷，每入试，押官韵，八叉手而成八韵，所以也有“温八叉”之称。然恃才不羁，又好讥刺权贵，多犯忌讳，取憎于时，故屡举进士不第，长被贬抑，终生不得志。官终国子助教。精通音律。工诗，与李商隐齐名，时称“温李”。其诗辞藻华丽，秾艳精致，内容多写闺情。其词艺术成就在晚唐诸词人之上，为“花间派”首要词人，对词的发展影响较大。在词史上，与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”。存词七十余首。后人辑有《温飞卿集》及《金奁集》。
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