定西番·细雨晓莺春晚
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唐代]：温庭筠
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细雨晓莺春晚。人似玉，柳如眉，正相思。
罗幕翠帘初卷，镜中花一枝。肠断塞门消息，雁来稀。
定西番·细雨晓莺春晚译文及注释
译文
蒙蒙细雨里，晓莺唱着晚春的晨曲。一位容颜如玉的美女，弯弯的柳眉，含着多少相思的情意。
把翠帘罗帐高高卷起，看镜中容貌花一样艳丽。相思使她愁肠断，只缘暮春雁来少，断了边关爱人的消息。
注释
定西番：唐教坊曲名，后用作词牌名。此调有不同格体，俱为双调。此词为三十五字，上片四句一仄韵两平韵；下片四句，两仄韵两平韵。
人似玉：比喻美人如玉。
罗幕：丝罗帐幕。古代闺阁多悬挂于卧室，或悬于纱窗、珠帘之上，目的是为了防尘、遮光。
肠断：表示极度关切。塞门：塞外关口。
雁：此语意双关，咏雁兼指“雁书”。
参考资料：
1、邱美琼 胡建次．温庭筠词全集汇校汇注汇评．武汉：崇文书局，2015：47-48
2、房开江 崔黎民．花间集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1997：38-39
3、徐国良 方红芹 注析．花间集．武汉：武汉出版社，1995：11-12
定西番·细雨晓莺春晚创作背景
这首词反映的是闺中少妇对征人的思念。晚唐时期，黑暗专制的统治阶级并没有足够的力量和愿望统一天下，对士大夫们造成了心理的压抑与人格的扭曲。同时社会动荡与战乱不止也导致闺妇征人分离的加重。温庭筠正生于这种社会动荡乱离阴影的笼罩时期，作品多写闺中女性，此词即为其中之一。其具体创作时间未得确证。
参考资料：
1、房开江 崔黎民．花间集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1997：38-39
2、李想 伍燕闽.从温庭筠诗词管窥晚唐女性对社会的作用.三峡大学学报(人文社会科学版),2011(s1):128-130
定西番·细雨晓莺春晚鉴赏
这首词写思妇幽怨。上片首先泛写晚春景色，细雨如丝，濛濛洒洒，晓莺啼鸣，倍添幽寂清冷之感。在此暮春环境中，接下来三句写人物形象，“人似玉”写美人如玉，温润秀洁；“柳如眉”写女子柳眉弯弯，娇柔婉媚，这句既写了春柳，又写了人面，把春景与人面自然地结合起来；“正相思”，表现了在暮春环境中人物的活动，由对女子外貌的描写深入到内心世界。
下片转入具体刻画，都与上片相应。帘幕初卷，美人初起，与“晓莺”相应；晓妆对镜，如花一枝，与“人似玉”相应，揭示女子自怜自伤的复杂感受；“肠断”二句，明显女子所思的塞外GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人，实写女子由相思而失望，乃至悲怆的心境，思念之情，使人肠断，与上片结拍的“相思”二字对应。
整首词的上下片，都用了比喻来描写人物形象，只不过上片写得细，下片写得概括。这不仅使主人公的形象鲜明，而且她的相思情也给读者留下深刻印象。同时，无论是描写还是抒情，上下片都前后照应，构思精妙，结构紧凑，浑然一体。
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崔国辅《
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怨诗二首·其二》
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秦观《
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木兰花·秋容老尽芙蓉院》
温庭筠简介
唐代·温庭筠的简介
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温庭筠（约812—866）唐代诗人、词人。本名岐，字飞卿，太原祁（今山西祁县东南）人。富有天才，文思敏捷，每入试，押官韵，八叉手而成八韵，所以也有“温八叉”之称。然恃才不羁，又好讥刺权贵，多犯忌讳，取憎于时，故屡举进士不第，长被贬抑，终生不得志。官终国子助教。精通音律。工诗，与李商隐齐名，时称“温李”。其诗辞藻华丽，秾艳精致，内容多写闺情。其词艺术成就在晚唐诸词人之上，为“花间派”首要词人，对词的发展影响较大。在词史上，与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”。存词七十余首。后人辑有《温飞卿集》及《金奁集》。
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宋代：
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释惟一
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逢人乞一文，袋进而敌国富。
不是下生迟，嫌佛不肯做。
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漫兴 十六
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元代：
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王冕
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自笑青云远，谁怜白发孤？艰难知道路，潇洒问江湖。
事业留诗卷，田园入画图。
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归来
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明代：
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杨士奇
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归来语向谁，白发故交稀。满目亭台好，伤心俗化微。
慌迷携鹤径，惭过钓鱼矶。童子何知我，犹嗤旧素衣。
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拟古 其十二
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明代：
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邝露
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长城万馀里，宫阙入浮云。飂风驱秋雁，榆黄华叶陨。
羲和无停轨，颓光惨萧辰。断尾掉泥涂，无为豢牺牲。
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目病初愈示敬亭贻谋
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清代：
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敦敏
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浮云渐尽尚模糊，惭说星眸恋若珠。对面花如隔秘雾，推窗月似障纱幮。
难同阮藉论青白，好向维摩参寂无。忽忆东堂狂饮夜，灯光烂灿醉呼卢。
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摸鱼儿十五首 其七
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清代：
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蒋士铨
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别燕云软红尘土，板舆一两轻御。梦魂先到江南岸，画取尚书词句。
红几数、待小建，花坊碎锦亲题署。黄莺相遇，认旧日使君，朱陈村里，乍暖劝农路。