贝宫夫人
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唐代]：李贺
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丁丁海女弄金环，雀钗翘揭双翅关。
六宫不语一生闲，高悬银牓照青山。
长眉凝绿几千年，清凉堪老镜中鸾。
秋肌稍觉玉衣寒，空光贴妥水如天。
贝宫夫人译文及注释
译文
被风吹拂的海女（贝宫夫人）及侍女，响起了叮铃的佩环，贝宫夫人头上雀钗高耸，雀翅紧闭关。
她有六个寝宫，整日不语多安闲，庙门前银匾高悬，辉耀着四周的群山。
夫人长眉凝翠绿，神寿长久几千年，她清心寡欲，铜镜中常飞着青凤鸾。
秋天的风光多明净，水色天色难分辨，看夫人玉衣多单薄，令人稍觉肌肤寒。
注释
1.贝宫夫人：神女，身份不明，宋代吴正子、明代曾益以为是龙女，清代姚文燮以为是海神，清代学者王琦则认为是南朝梁文学家任昉《述异记》中所记的贝宫夫人，在太乙山下。
2.丁丁：环佩相击声。海女：海神之女。弄金环：风儿吹拂之下，海女塑像上的金环丁丁作晌。
3.雀钗：雀形的钗头。翘揭：高起之貌。双翅关：雀之双翅合起未开。
4.六宫：原指古代天子居住之地，有正寝一，燕寝五。神既称夫人，则亦仿天子之制立六宫仪制。不语一生闲：海女泥塑，不能言语，故曰“一生闲”。
5.银榜：宫前门上银白色牌额。照青山：夫人像与山对立相映照。
6.凝：凝固不变。绿：代黑。几千年：谓之神寿长久。
7.清凉：凄清荒凉。镜中鸾（luán）：谓夫人没有匹偶，只如孤鸾，自睹镜中形影。
8.玉衣：以白玉为衣饰，言其衣服华好。
9.空光：深秋季节空明澄彻的天宇。贴妥：妥帖稳称。
参考资料：
1、（唐）李贺．《李贺集》：岳麓书社，2003年01月第1版：第322页
2、（唐）李贺 著；徐传武 译．徐传武译．山东济南：山东教育出版社，1992年08月第1版：第403页
贝宫夫人创作背景
此诗大约作于唐宪宗元和九年（814年），于诗人南游途中，描写了在贝宫夫人庙里的所见。
参考资料：
1、（唐）李贺著；（宋）吴正子注；（宋）刘辰翁评；徐传武校点．李贺诗集：上海古籍出版社，2015.11：第149页
贝宫夫人鉴赏
诗歌的前两句“丁丁海女弄金环，雀钗翘揭双翅关”。描写贝宫夫人的环佩和头饰，衬托出神女异常的美貌。
“六宫不语一生闲，高悬银膀照青山”。描绘了贝宫夫人神像的沉默，神庙里高恳的镜子照着远处的青山隐隐，创造出一种静溢的神秘。
“长眉凝绿化千年，清凉堪老镜中鸾“。”凝绿”的长眉中，又一次见到了李贺喜欢使用的色彩，诗人将这千年的时间凝结为了贝宫夫人神像上那一弯绿眉，这是时间凝结而成的色彩。“清凉堪老镜中鸾”，前人解释道“今神清净为心，无有情欲，镜中鸾影尚存，安有老期”。“鸾”是爱人的象征，但是通过"堪老"二字，李贺笔下的贝宫夫人拒绝这种人间的感情。和李商隐的嫦娥不同，李贺的贝宫夫人是一个没有情欲的形象，抽离了人的感情，从而制造了读者和贝宫夫人之间的疏离感。
在这水天一色的神殿背景之下，诗人最后写道，“秋肌稍觉玉衣寒”。诗人通过想象，模拟了贝宫夫人的体感。“稍觉”使得这种疏离感没有那么绝对。
诗人借贝宫夫人神像以及故事，来抒发心中的悲痛。诗人把生活女性化，为了表现失意心态。山林仙妹表现的是希望的心灵历程，江海女神为失望的凄苦心境，形成在传统诗学基础上的寄托遥深的文学品格。
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李白《
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口号吴王美人半醉》
李贺简介
唐代·李贺的简介
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李贺（约公元791年-约817年），字长吉，汉族，唐代河南福昌（今河南洛阳宜阳县）人，家居福昌昌谷，后世称李昌谷，是唐宗室郑王李亮后裔。有“诗鬼”之称，是与“诗圣”杜甫、“诗仙”李白、“诗佛”王维相齐名的唐代著名诗人。著有《昌谷集》。李贺是中唐的浪漫主义诗人，与李白、李商隐称为唐代三李。有“‘太白仙才，长吉鬼才’之说。李贺是继屈原、李白之后，中国文学史上又一位颇享盛誉的浪漫主义诗人。李贺长期的抑郁感伤，焦思苦吟的生活方式，元和八年（813年）因病辞去奉礼郎回昌谷，27岁英年早逝。
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