织妇辞
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唐代]：孟郊
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夫是田中郎，妾是田中女。
当年嫁得君，为君秉机杼。
筋力日已疲，不息窗下机。
如何织纨素，自著蓝缕衣。
官家榜村路，更索栽桑树。
织妇辞译文及注释
译文
丈夫是农民，我是农妇。
当年我嫁给丈夫，便开始在夫家从事纺织劳动。
我一天天疲劳下去，越来越没有气力，却一刻也不能停止纺织。
为什么我织出来的是细白的丝绢，而我自己穿的却是破烂衣服。
官府在村中的道路上张贴告示，要农民广栽桑树养蚕缫丝。
注释
田中郎：从事农业劳动的男子。
妾：古代妇女的自我谦称。田中女：农村的劳动妇女。
秉：执持，操持。机杼：泛指织布的工具。机：织具也。杼（zhù）：织布的梭子。
日：每天。疲：衰竭。
息：停止。
纨素：精致洁白之细绢。
著：穿。蓝缕：破敝衣裳。
官家：指地方政府。一说官家谓帝王之家。榜：布告，告示，此作动词，张贴告示。
索：要求。栽桑树：指栽种桑树养蚕取丝。
参考资料：
1、华忱之 喻学才．孟郊诗集校注．北京：人民文学出版社，1995年版：第23-24页
织妇辞创作背景
公元812年（唐宪宗元和七年）夏四月，“敕天下州府民府，每天一亩，种桑二树，长吏逐年检计以闻。”其时孟郊因老母病故，丁忧去官，寄居洛阳，《织妇辞》当作于是时，反映东都一带情况，当然对全国来说，也有代表性。
参考资料：
1、卢华语．全唐诗经济资料辑释与研究．重庆：重庆出版社，2006年12月版：第239页
织妇辞鉴赏
中国的封建社会是典型的男耕女织的社会，但从这首诗中可以看出所谓的“女织”是相对的大多数劳动妇女白天是“田中女”，晚上要“秉机杼”。这种现象许多纺织诗都有所反映，如范成大“昼出耘田夜绩麻”。
女主人公白天劳累已疲惫不堪，晚上还要不停地当窗织纨素。如此劳碌，自己穿的却是“蓝缕衣”。那么她辛辛苦苦织的纨索哪儿去了呢？“官家膀村路，更索栽桑树。”官家已贴出告示，要农民植桑养蚕任其挥霍。至此，我们恍然大悟，原来“官家”就是劳动人民受苦受难的真正根源。史载，当时官府除了征收正税外，又有“杂调”，更有所谓“临时折估”、“临时索取”，丝茧税也随之加重。
诗的开头直呼“夫”，似乎“妾”是怨恨自己嫁给他不曾有一天好日子过。最后笔锋一转，揭示出自己受苦的真正根源。全诗借用织妇的口吻，语言直白如话，诗意层层逼进。明里是“闺怨”之辞，暗里是刺官之语。诗人通过“指夫说官”的手法，含而不露地给敲骨吸髓的统治阶级一击。
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曹雪芹《
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西江月·批宝玉二首》
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苏轼《
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书林逋诗后》
孟郊简介
唐代·孟郊的简介
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孟郊，(751～814)，唐代诗人。字东野。汉族，湖州武康（今浙江德清）人，祖籍平昌（今山东临邑东北），先世居洛阳（今属河南）。唐代著名诗人。现存诗歌500多首，以短篇的五言古诗最多，代表作有《游子吟》。有“诗囚”之称，又与贾岛齐名，人称“郊寒岛瘦”。元和九年，在阌乡(今河南灵宝)因病去世。张籍私谥为贞曜先生。
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