赠质上人
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唐代]：杜荀鹤
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枿坐云游出世尘，兼无瓶钵可随身。
逢人不说人间事，便是人间无事人。
赠质上人译文及注释
译文
质上人有时打坐，静如枯木；有时出游，飘若浮云，心无所系，随性而行，超世脱俗。其他僧人云游，还带着盛水的瓶子和吃饭的钵，而他出门连这两件东西都不带，一身之外无所有，赤条条来去无牵挂。
遇到人也不会去聊人世间的琐事，仿佛他是一个置身于世间之外的人一样。
注释
质：和尚的称号。
上人：对高僧的敬称。
枿（niè）坐：枯坐。枿，树木砍去后留下的树桩子。
瓶钵：僧人出行所带的食具。
赠质上人创作背景
杜荀鹤所生活的正是晚唐战乱不止、民生凋弊的多事之秋。作为一个有良心、有正义感的诗人，面对这样的现实，不可能缄口不语。诗人对质上人的最无牵挂和最清闲表示了由衷的赞颂，而于赞语之中却含有弦外之意，寓有感慨人生的意趣，所以诗人就此写下《赠质上人》来表达自己的看法。
参考资料：
1、《唐诗鉴赏辞典》.上海辞书出版社，1983年12月版，第1360-1361页
赠质上人鉴赏
因为是送给僧人的诗，所以诗开头便云佛事：“枿坐云游出世尘。”这是写质上人的形象。诗人抓住他的特征，刻画了他的不同凡俗。
第二句进一步写质上人的形象。瓶钵是云游和尚喝水吃饭不可少的器具。可是质上人连应该随身携带的一瓶一钵都没有。这就更突出了质上人超出尘世的性格，成了飘飘然来去无牵挂的大闲人了。
第三、四句，这是从质上人的精神境界去刻画他的形象。他不说一句有关人世间的话，这才写出精神上大解脱的悟道者形象。人们口上说的，都是心上想的，不说人间事，是他心里根本不想这些事，因为他把人间的名利富贵看做是虚幻、短暂、无意义的。“所谓“世缘终浅道缘深”（苏东坡语），在这位质上人身上表现得非常彻底，他完全游离于尘世之外。
他虽曾赞羡“万般不及僧无事，共水将山过一生”（《题道林寺》）的生活，但无论怎样也不能像质上人那样口不说一句人间事。所以“逢人不说人间事，便是人间无事人”，既有对质上人的称赏和羡慕，也有诗人自己复杂心情的流露，字面上意义虽然浅近，而诗人的感慨颇深。
杜荀鹤的诗在语言上通俗浅近，明白流畅，所以他把严于格律的近体诗通俗化了。正因为这样，他的许多诗句包括《赠质上人》在内都在长期流传中成了人们口头的熟语。
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杜荀鹤简介
唐代·杜荀鹤的简介
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杜荀鹤(846～904)，唐代诗人。字彦之，号九华山人。汉族，池州石埭（今安徽石台）人。大顺进士，以诗名，自成一家，尤长于宫词。大顺二年，第一人擢第，复还旧山。宣州田頵遣至汴通好，朱全忠厚遇之，表授翰林学士、主客员外郎、知制诰。恃势侮易缙绅，众怒，欲杀之而未及。天祐初卒。自序其文为《唐风集》十卷，今编诗三卷。事迹见孙光宪《北梦琐言》、何光远《鉴诫录》、《旧五代史·梁书》本传、《唐诗纪事》及《唐才子传》。
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