送隐者一绝
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唐代]：杜牧
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无媒径路草萧萧，自古云林远市朝。
公道世间唯白发，贵人头上不曾饶。
送隐者一绝译文及注释
译文
由于没有人引荐，你只好遁迹云林，远离争名逐利的市朝，结果门庭冷落，径路上杂草丛生。
世间最公道的事就是任何人到了老年都要生长白发，包括公伯王侯，谁也没有例外。
注释
无媒：没有引荐的人，比喻进身无路。
径路：小路。
萧萧：萧条、寂静，冷落凄清的样子。
云林：高入云中的山林，这里指隐者隐居之处。
市朝：指交易买卖场所和官府治事所在。
公道：公平，公正。
贵人：显贵的人。
送隐者一绝鉴赏
首两句从隐者的居所和处境着笔，称扬隐者的德行。“无媒”语出《韩诗外传》：“士不中道相见，女无媒而嫁者，君子不行也。”原意女子因无人为媒难以出嫁，这里指士子因无人推荐、引见而无法用于世。正因为无汲引者问津，隐者门可罗雀，屋前小路长满了荒草，一片萧索冷落。“草萧萧”暗用汉代张仲蔚事。据《高士传》载，张仲蔚“善属文，好诗赋，闭门养性，不治荣名”。透过萧萧荒草，一个安于索居的隐者形象呼之欲出。“云林”，高入云中的山林，这里指隐者隐之处。市朝，指交易买卖场所和官府治事所在。自古以来，隐者乐于洁身自好，有意避开这些争权夺利的尘嚣地，“退不丘壑，进不市朝，怡然自守，荣辱不及”（《周书·薛端传》）。清心寡欲，恬淡自适，诗人对隐者的洁行高志，流溢出钦羡、称颂之情。
末两句从白发落墨，生发健拔高昂的议论。“白发三千丈，缘愁似个长”，白发与忧愁有着不解之缘。隐者“无媒”，因而怀才不遇。社会的压抑使他产生忧愁，难以驱逐的忧愁又使他早生华发。他叹息英雄无用武之地，痛恨扼杀人才的社会势力，呼吁世间公道。诗人充分理解隐者的心境，他与隐者灵犀相通，命运与共，对人世、对社会有着相同的见解。他以为，世间只有白发最公道，即使是达官贵人的头上也照长不误，决不饶过。不受财富摆布，不向权贵拜倒，不阿谀，不恂私，一切都公平合理，这就是人间的公道。诗中“唯”字，包含言外之意：除了白发，人世间再没有公道可言。社会不公正，在诗人笔下得到深刻的揭露和无情的针砭。这是理性的批判，是对当时整个社会现实的有力鞭苔。
全诗随情感的流动、意绪的变化而呈现不同的节奏和语势：前两句如静静溪流平和舒缓，后两句如滔滔江潮激荡喷涌。批斥的锋芒直指不公道的封建社会制度，议论警动，憎爱分明，痛快淋漓而又不乏机趣幽默。
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李白《
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夜下征虏亭》
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李珣《
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南乡子·归路近》
杜牧简介
唐代·杜牧的简介
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杜牧（公元803－约852年），字牧之，号樊川居士，汉族，京兆万年（今陕西西安）人，唐代诗人。杜牧人称“小杜”，以别于杜甫。与李商隐并称“小李杜”。因晚年居长安南樊川别墅，故后世称“杜樊川”，著有《樊川文集》。
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