杂诗七首·其一
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两汉]：曹植
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高台多悲风，朝日照北林。
之子在万里，江湖迥且深。
方舟安可极，离思故难任！
孤雁飞南游，过庭长哀吟。
翘思慕远人，愿欲托遗音。
形影忽不见，翩翩伤我心。
杂诗七首·其一译文及注释
译文
高台上常常吹着悲风，早晨的太阳照着北林。
我怀念的人在万里外，大江大湖很远很深。
这舟船哪能顺利到达？实难安置我怀念的心。
掠过庭院南飞的孤雁，长声哀吖真使人伤神。
抬头望着孤雁，我在想——托你带个信给远地的人。
孤雁不理睬地飞过去了，飞动的影子更使我伤心。
注释
北林：泛指树林。《诗经·秦·晨风》有“郁彼北林”句，作为怀念君子的起兴。
之子：那个人，指所怀念的人。
方舟：两船并在一起。极，至，到达。难任，难以承担。这四句是说我所怀念的那个人远在万里之外，中间隔着大江大湖，连远航的方舟也难以到达，离别的愁苦真是使人难于承受。
翘(qiáo)：思仰头而思，形容思念之切。这句是说：很想托南飞的孤雁给他带个音信。
景：通影。形景指孤雁的形影。
参考资料：
1、赵沛霖著 ．历代诗文名著新选 八代三朝诗新选 ：湖北教育出版社 ，2007年07月第1版 ：第188页 ．
2、聂文郁 ．曹植诗解译 ：青海人民出版社 ，1985年08月第1版 ：第153，154页 ．
杂诗七首·其一鉴赏
这是一首怀念远别亲友的诗。虽然作者和这一亲友的远别，或许是有统治者内部矛盾这一特殊原因，但在汉末魏初那个动乱流离的年代，远别而不能团聚，甚至不能相见，实是普通现象。所以这首诗很容易引起共鸣，富有典型性与现实性。
这首诗开头“高台多悲风，朝日照北林”实属景语，并无影射比喻之意。而“高台多悲风”亦属秋景。登高是因为要眺望远处，所以是思念远方的人；而时值秋令，亭台越高那么风自然就会越凄厉，登亭台的人于是就因为风急而越感受到心情的沉重悲哀。这一句简括凝炼，开后人无数法门。直是把此一句衍化为五十六字的长诗。所以曹植这五字能成为名句的原因，正因为这虽然作为景语，其实是寓意深情。
接下来的第二句“朝日照北林”，本来也是属于景语，但是却化用《诗·秦风·晨风》之首章。故作者《种葛篇》写思妇有“徘徊步北林”之句，而这篇以“朝日照北林”起兴。古人以夫妇与兄弟关系相互为喻，都是起始于《诗三百篇》，在曹植诗集中也屡见不鲜。
由于上句点出北林，正隐含《诗》中下文“未见君子，忧心钦钦”之意，所以作者紧接着写到“之子在万里”了。意思是自己所思念的人是远在万里之外，而下面“江湖迥且深”一句更是寓意深远，情韵不匮。因为江湖阻隔彼此的消息是一层；而“之子”却经过这样遥远而艰难的路程走向万里之外，其身心所受的摧伤折磨可想而知，又是一层；况且其身既然在远方，以后回来不是件容易事，为对方设身处地着想，自然更深了一层。
下面的二句又紧承“江湖”句而言。把“离思”写得十分沉重压抑，可见其中有多少愁苦优怨之情。这虽只就自己一面说，实际上也体现出所思之人同样是不胜其愁苦忧怨了。
下句“孤雁飞南游”，表面上是写实，即作者在登高望远之际看到孤雁南飞，实则蕴涵着好几层意思。以前古人用“雁行”比喻兄弟，曹彪封吴，无异流放，和孤雁南游很像；又因为自己也像孤雁一样，故“过庭”而“长哀吟”。“过庭”虽用《论语·季氏篇》“鲤趋而过庭”的字面，实借喻自己的入朝。
最后的四句“形影忽不见，翩翩伤我心”。李善注：“翘，悬也。”“翘思”，等于说“悬念”；“慕”，有念念不忘之意。不但见孤雁而思远人，并且把希望寄托于雁，问它是否愿为自己捎个信儿去。但雁飞甚速，形影倏忽间便不见了，这就更使作者黯然神伤了。“翩翩”，形容鸟疾飞之貌。连孤雁都翩然而逝，说明自己怨怀无托，结语似意犹未尽而已令人不忍卒读，是真正写情的高手。
此诗用笔似浅直而意实深曲，前六句以赋体为主，却似比兴；后六句以比兴为主，反而趋近赋体。这说明作者深得《诗三百篇》之三昧，而做出用五言新体裁，所以是从建安以来的诗人作品当中的绝唱。
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乔吉《
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雁儿落过得胜令·忆别》
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罗隐《
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金陵夜泊》
曹植简介
唐代·曹植的简介
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曹植（192－232），字子建，沛国谯（今安徽省亳州市）人。三国曹魏著名文学家，建安文学代表人物。魏武帝曹操之子，魏文帝曹丕之弟，生前曾为陈王，去世后谥号“思”，因此又称陈思王。后人因他文学上的造诣而将他与曹操、曹丕合称为“三曹”，南朝宋文学家谢灵运更有“天下才有一石，曹子建独占八斗”的评价。王士祯尝论汉魏以来二千年间诗家堪称“仙才”者，曹植、李白、苏轼三人耳。
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