梦中作
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宋代]：蔡襄
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天际乌云含雨重，楼前红日照山明。
嵩阳居士今安否，青眼看人万里情。
梦中作译文及注释
译文
天边那团团乌云，饱含着浓浓的雨意，楼前一轮红日，把青山照得多么明丽。
古时嵩山的隐者，如今却在哪里？看重我和他心志相契，万里以外向我传达情谊。
注释
嵩阳居士：嵩阳，指今河南嵩山、少室山、颖水一带。居士，意即处士，古称有才德而不仕的人。
青眼：眼睛正视时，眼球居中，故青眼表示对人喜爱或尊重。
梦中作创作背景
这首诗作于宋仁宗庆历七年（1047）秋。当时，蔡襄自北苑茶园（今建瓯凤凰山）监制贡茶后，返回福州寓所。梦游洛中，见嵩阳居士留诗在屋壁上，还记得两句，于是写下此诗。
参考资料：
1、张鸣．宋诗选：人民文学出版社，2004：127-128
梦中作鉴赏
这首诗题为“梦中作”，诗人凭借梦中稍纵即逝的霎时间的清灵的感觉，结合平时的心志，自然倾吐而出，如奔泉之出山，清风之振叶。故诗境特奇，非寻常笔墨所能企及。
前半“天际乌云”两句，表面上写雨后新晴景象，实质是针对时事而发，语意双关，自然合拍，寄意深长。楼头的红日，虽然已经照亮山峰，光明满眼；但天边乌云仍重，依然含有雨意，阴晦风雨，仍然可以随时到来。作者身当北宋中期，北方的契丹（此时已称辽国），西边的夏国，虽然在宋真宗、宋仁宗两朝，先后与辽、夏达成和议，并由宋朝岁给两国大量金银和丝缯，暂得相安，但危机仍存，隐忧犹在。赂敌求和，等于饮鸩止渴，不仅削弱了宋朝的实力，更糟的是壮大了对方，形成不战自困的局势。这西边、北边两个强敌，对宋朝随时都有严重的威胁。正如天际乌云一样，一旦翻滚起来，可能乌天黑日、风雨交加，暂时的晴朗，固然也是可喜的迹象，但晴意未稳，并不足恃。过于乐观，势必铸成大错。
后半“嵩阳居士今何在？青眼看人万里情”两句，是作者表明自己心志的活语。在诗里，这两句所表现的是跳跃的感情，作者是文士，是著名的书法家，对于时局，虽则具有敏感和远见，但是他感叹并未能补救时艰，空有拯时济世之心而无力实现，因而不无遁世高隐之情。作者想到嵩阳那里，因为那是高人逸士所居。古代的高士许由，传说曾隐居过嵩山、颍水之间；唐代的隐逸之士，更多栖身于嵩山、少室山；唐代大诗人李白的诗集中，就有《送裴十八图南归嵩山》、《送于十八落第还嵩山》、《送杨山人归嵩山》等多篇，表明向往嵩山、少室山之意，尤其是《题嵩山逸人元丹丘山居并序》那一篇，更能表达李白的心境。元丹丘是位高士，李白曾称他为“丹丘生”。这篇诗的序文说：“元公近游嵩山，故交深情，出处无间，宕信频及，许为主人，欣然适会本意。当冀长往不返，欲便举家就之。”诗中说：“故人契嵩颖，高义炳丹雘，灭迹遗纷嚣，终言本峰壑。自矜林端好，不羡世朝乐。偶与真意并，顿觉世情薄。”嵩山逸人，即指嵩阳居士。蔡襄诗中的后两句，正是运用了李白的诗意。元丹丘是以青眼看待李白的，所以“岩信频及，许为主人”。作者想到宋代当时，像元丹丘那样的高人绝少，而取媚邀宠的人，则到处存在，所以又有欲往无由之叹。诗句说：“篙阳居士今何在？”深致惋惜之情。诗人认为，倘若嵩阳居士仍然存在，他们必然以青眼看人，虽然相隔万里，也是令作者向往的。
全诗从感念时艰出发，借景抒怀，表达了作者忧世有心而救时无术；既慕隐居而又难能如愿的矛盾心情。诗人作为一个文人、一个书生，此诗情调是十分切合身份的。诗的语言明丽新警，婉而多风。陈衍认为这首诗有“神助”，是指诗的境界高远，是梦中偶有会心之作。
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柳宗元《
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与崔策登西山》
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岑参《
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邯郸客舍歌》
蔡襄简介
唐代·蔡襄的简介
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蔡襄（1012年3月7日－1067年9月27日），字君谟，汉族，兴化军仙游县（今枫亭镇青泽亭）人。北宋著名书法家、政治家、茶学家。蔡襄任泉州知府时，主持建造了中国现存年代最早的跨海梁式大石桥泉州洛阳桥；任福建路转运使时，倡植福州至漳州700里驿道松；在建州时，主持制作武夷茶精品“小龙团”，所著《茶录》总结了古代制茶、品茶的经验。所著《荔枝谱》被称赞为“世界上第一部果树分类学著作”。蔡襄工书法，诗文清妙，其书法浑厚端庄，淳淡婉美，自成一体，为“宋四家”之一。有《蔡忠惠公全集》。
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