乱后春日途经野塘
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唐代]：韩偓
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世乱他乡见落梅，野塘晴暖独徘徊。
船冲水鸟飞还住，袖拂杨花去却来。
季重旧游多丧逝，子山新赋极悲哀。
眼看朝市成陵谷，始信昆明是劫灰。
乱后春日途经野塘译文及注释
译文
经历大乱，流落到南国他乡，独自徘徊，在落梅如雪的晴光野塘。
渔舟惊起水鸟，又翩然落下；拂不去的杨花，飘飘扑来偎人依傍。
昔日的友好知己啊，而今多已逝去，我和庾信一样，暮年诗赋满怀悲怆。
眼看繁华的宫阙街市毁成瓦砾，天崩地陷了，惨痛的浩劫大殃。
注释
途经：路过。
季重旧游多丧逝：谓诗人的许多老友都已死去。季重：吴质字。他和曹丕、曹植兄弟以及徐干、陈琳、应场、刘桢等人交谊很深。
子山新赋极悲哀：这是以庾信自比，说近来写的诗极哀伤。子山：庾信字。他出使西魏，被迫留仕北朝，已见其《咏怀》注。
朝市：朝廷与市肆。
陵谷：高岸、深谷。
劫：梵语“劫波”的省略。佛教认为天地经过一段时间，劫火延烧，万物都成灰烬，然后再从头开始，谓之一劫。
参考资料：
1、程千帆，沈祖棻注评．古诗今选：凤凰出版社，2010.04：第404页
2、李明春，于翔选编．九州情思：浙江少年儿童出版社，1988.11：第68页
乱后春日途经野塘创作背景
昭宗乾宁二年（895年），邰节度使王行瑜、凤翔节度使李茂贞等引兵人京师，杀宰相韦昭度、李溪，长安大乱。昭宗逃入南山，转石镇。士民数十万人逃出城，多中暑而死，诗人亦逃出长安，次年春日写下这首诗。
参考资料：
1、霍松林，霍有明主编．中国古典文学绝妙书系 绝妙唐诗 下：时代文艺出版社，2009.03：第434页
乱后春日途经野塘鉴赏
诗一开头，便点明了“世乱”这样一个大的背景。“见落梅”而人在“他乡”，便会自然而然地联想到家乡的梅花。南方“他乡”的梅花已落，而远在千里之外的故乡梅花恐怕刚刚绽放吧。由此又想到故乡是否依旧，亲人们是否还都平安。然而，这一切却无从得知。此时诗人在这荒凉的野塘之畔独自徘徊。接下来二句“船冲水鸟飞还住，袖拂杨花去却来”虽是写眼前野渡无人、花鸟自得的悠然景色，实际上却通过环境的死寂，侧面地呈现出战乱所造成的百姓流离，人口锐减的现实。“飞还住”、“去却来”又恰恰代表着诗人的悲怨忧虑，表现了“剪不断、理还乱”，挥之不去，拂之还来的烦恼思绪。
这是借用古人的故事，来叙述自己的痛苦境遇。诗人这里以季重、子山自比，说旧游之处许多老友都已死掉了，自己近来所作诗文极尽悲哀。这两句，用典极为贴切、恰当，从大的社会历史背景，到具体的感情脉络，典故与现实都息息相关。因而，不仅淋漓尽致地表达出了诗人的思想感情，而且，大大丰富了语言的容量。
最后二句“眼看朝市成陵谷，始信昆明是劫灰，”也是用典。据传，汉武帝开掘昆明池，在池底发现许多黑灰。到东汉明帝时，胡僧竺法兰来中国，说：“世界终尽，劫火洞烧，此灰是也。”这二句是说：我亲身经历了战乱眼看着繁华的都市化为灰烬，夷为荒凉的平地，才相信昆明池底之物确是劫灰，天地确是由成而毁。从“眼看”到“始信”，不仅说明了变迁之大令人难以置信，而且，其中蕴藏着人生如梦的深切悲伤和无力回天的哀诉。有着痛定思痛的彻骨之恨。语虽淡，但情至深。
这首诗在艺术上最大的特点是情感脉络清晰、连贯，节奏性很强，声音韵律与心绪的律动和谐统一。首联是引子，触景生情；颔联主要表达一种情绪，创造出浓郁的悲怆气氛。颈联直切主题，镂刻入骨，鲜明而深沉。尾联写所思所悟，言有尽而味无穷。
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韦庄《
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过樊川旧居》
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柳宗元《
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入黄溪闻猿》
韩偓简介
唐代·韩偓的简介
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韩偓（公元842年～公元923年）。中国唐代诗人。乳名冬郎，字致光，号致尧，晚年又号玉山樵人。陕西万年县（今樊川）人。自幼聪明好学，10岁时，曾即席赋诗送其姨夫李商隐，令满座皆惊，李商隐称赞其诗是“雏凤清于老凤声”。龙纪元年(889年)，韩偓中进士，初在河中镇节度使幕府任职，后入朝历任左拾遗、左谏议大夫、度支副使、翰林学士。
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唐代：
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地古多生药，溪灵不聚鱼。唯应寻隐者，闲寺讲仙书。
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