沁园春·试望阴山
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清代]：纳兰性德
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试望阴山，黯然销魂，无言徘徊。见青峰几簇，去天才尺；黄沙一片，匝地无埃。碎叶城荒，拂云堆远，雕外寒烟惨不开。踟蹰久，忽砯崖转石，万壑惊雷。
穷边自足秋怀。又何必、平生多恨哉。只凄凉绝塞，峨眉遗冢；梢沉腐草，骏骨空台。北转河流，南横斗柄，略点微霜鬓早衰。君不信，向西风回首，百事堪哀。
沁园春·试望阴山译文及注释
译文
遥望塞外的阴山，不禁让人无限伤怀，徘徊不语。只见几座青峰高耸入云，仿佛离天只有几尺的距离，眼前黄沙遍地，不见一丝尘埃。碎叶城早已荒芜，拂云堆也遥远得看不见，只看见飞翔云外的雕鹰和凝聚着寒冷的雾气。我正在这里徘徊不前，忽然听到山崖上巨石撞击的声音，就像是万丈深壑里发出的隆隆雷声。
边塞的荒凉叫人看了愁苦满怀，更何况我平生的惆怅已经很多了。想到王昭君凄凉出塞，美人已去，但青冢犹存，而那掩埋在荒漠野草中的，是燕昭王为迎接天下贤达而筑的黄金台的遗迹、河流依然向北流去，北斗斗柄仍是横斜向南，愁苦的人已经未老先衰，两鬓已生出星星白发 在秋风中回首往事，愁苦满怀。
注释
沁园春：词牌名，双调，一百一十四字。上片十三句，四平韵；下片十二句，五平韵。一韵到底，前半阕四五句，六七句、八九句，后半阕三四句，五六句，七八句均要求对仗。
阴山：今河套以北、大漠以南诸山的统称。
簇：簇拥，聚集。几簇：丛集的样子。
匝（zā）地：满地，遍地。
碎叶城：唐代古城，在今吉尔吉斯斯坦共和国的托克马克市附近。
拂云堆：古地名，在今内蒙古自治区境内，堆上有中受降城，并建有拂云祠。
雕：雕鹰。惨不开：聚成一片愁惨、凄凉的景象。
踟蹰：徘徊不前。
绝塞：极远的边塞。蛾眉遗冢（zhǒng）：谓古代和亲女子之墓。骏骨：骏马之骨。
斗柄：即构成北斗星斗柄的三颗星。
参考资料：
1、（清）纳兰性德著；孙红颖解译．纳兰词全鉴：中国纺织出版社，2016.02：第224页
沁园春·试望阴山创作背景
康熙二十一年（1682年）八月，纳兰容若随副都统郎坦、公彭春等人“觇梭龙”，即侦察东北雅克萨一代罗刹势力的入侵情况，途中思家心切，写下这首《沁园春》。
参考资料：
1、（清）纳兰容若著；苏缨注评．纳兰词：长江文艺出版社，2015.07：第216页
沁园春·试望阴山鉴赏
上片描绘塞外风光惊心动魄的场面。起句“试望阴山”，先廓定视野，继后写“试望”的心境和感受：“黯然销魂，无言徘徊。”“无言徘徊”形象地描画出心潮翻涌，无限思绪的情态。这第一韵是全词的基础，以下全由此展开。第二三韵视野极为开阔。由“见”字领起“青峰几簇，去天才尺”，写山岭高耸密集；“黄沙一片，匝地无埃”，写朔漠辽阔无边。底下连举唐代西域两个名镇“碎叶城”和“拂云堆”，并分别述以“荒”和“远”。“碎叶城”距阴山数千里之遥，试想不可目及，神思则可；“拂云堆”虽近在阴山南麓，但由于“雕外寒烟惨不开”，故目见也难。尽管如此，但这两句意象宏阔，为全词设下雄伟悲壮的氛围。词趣的流脉在踟蹰良久感慨良久的深沉情绪中，在雄伟悲壮的氛围里静静地流淌。突然，訇然声响，撼地摇天：“忽砯崖转石，万壑惊雷”。这一韵仅比李白《蜀道难》的诗句多出一个“惊”字。纳兰驱使古人，得心应手，于兹可见。这一声巨响，应是巨石滚人山谷其声轰鸣所致，从而在巨响中暂结上片。
下片抒发思家的情怀，修辞手法极见高妙。“穷边自足愁怀”，遥扣首韵，点明荒凉艰苦的塞外边疆，本来就富愁种。更紧承“又何必平生多恨哉”，语气似抑实扬，由因地域引愁过渡到因人事生衷，从而牵出两桩流传千古的史实。历史上令人生哀之事多矣，纳兰不胜枚举，无须枚举。故以“只”字界定，仅以下两端“凄凉绝塞，蛾眉遗冢”和“销沉腐草，骏骨空台”，就足以发人无限感慨。但其人如今已没，绝塞依然凄凉，空台满目腐草，留给后人的只是由此滋生的无限感慨而已，其人生苦短之情历历可见。故下韵“北转河流，南横斗柄，略点微霜鬓早衰”，直抒“人生几何”的慨叹。“北转河流”是黄河流势的真实写照，取孔子“逝者如斯”语意，灵动轻巧，贴切自然；“南横斗柄”写星辰依然按自然规律运动，古如是，今如是，未来仍如是。但人的生命却是极短暂的，故有“鬓早衰”的怅恨。纳兰仅活了三十一岁，盛年霜鬓，确是令人生哀的。煞尾“君不信，向西风回首，百事堪哀”，稍抑即扬。“百事”既指历史事，更指自家事，件件桩桩，不随心者多矣，否则，怎会“霜鬓早衰”。
全篇取用赋法，对阴山一带的独特风光作了淋漓尽致的描绘。又借典铺除，婉曲层深，表达了“百事堪哀”的凄苦隐衷。全词苍凉凄婉，沉郁幽伤。
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湘驿女子《
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题玉泉溪》
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湘驿女子《
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题玉泉溪》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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感兴四首 其一
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：
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宋登春
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肝臂列为人，自知亦巳幸。循性即坦途，求名自贻病。