竹枝词·瞿塘峡口水烟低
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唐代]：白居易
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瞿塘峡口冷烟低，白帝城头月向西。
唱到竹枝声咽处，寒猿晴鸟一时啼。
竹枝苦怨怨何人，夜静山空歇又闻。
蛮儿巴女齐声唱，愁杀江楼病使君。
巴东船舫上巴西，波面风生雨脚齐。
水蓼冷花红蔟蔟，江蓠湿叶碧萋萋。
江畔谁人唱竹枝，前声断咽后声迟。
怪来调苦缘词苦，多是通州司马诗。
竹枝词·瞿塘峡口水烟低鉴赏
四句之中没有介绍是什么人在唱《竹枝》，是男还是女，以及他因为什么要唱这样一种凄凉哀怨的曲子。而只是说在瞿塘峡口，白帝城头，月亮西沉时，烟雾迷漫，一阵阵歌声远远传来，悲凉凄楚，如泣如诉，如怨如慕，唱到声情凄苦之处，音调梗塞，致使周围宿猿栖鸟，齐声悲啼，更烘托出这一曲哀婉动人的悲歌。
“瞿塘峡口水烟低，白帝城头月向西”交代地点、时间和周围的环境。“水烟低”描写江面上烟雾迷漫，给人造成一种压抑之感；“月向西”说明时间之晚。在这烟波江上，深宵夜半，竟有人吟唱一首悲歌，应该是遇到了极其悲伤的事，郁愤不能自已，故发而为歌，声调凄惨。末句“寒猿暗鸟一时啼”以环境烘托歌声的悲哀。《水经注》引渔歌：“巴东三峡巫峡长，猿鸣三声泪沾裳。”猿鸣鸟啼原本似人之哭泣，悲凉的歌声牵动了鸟啼猿鸣，而猿鸟鸣啼又成为《竹枝》的协奏曲，更加倍衬托出悲歌凄怆的情境气氛。诗歌写得如此凄婉动人，与当时诗人寂寞的心情有关。
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程垓《
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白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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