鹊桥仙·扁舟昨泊
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宋代]：吴潜
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扁舟昨泊，危亭孤啸，目断闲云千里。前山急雨过溪来，尽洗却、人间暑气。
暮鸦木末，落凫天际，都是一团秋意。痴儿騃女贺新凉，也不道、西风又起。
鹊桥仙·扁舟昨泊鉴赏
宦海中的沉浮，恰如海的潮涨潮落，永无停息。尤其是在调迁频繁却无法担当大任、壮志难酬时，其落寞的心情更为沉重。此词抒写的就是宦海浮沉的落寞心情。
起笔三句叙事。词人说：扁舟昨天刚停泊，今天就来到高亭上，极目远望千里闲云。“闲云”也显出一股轻松之感。但是，他毕竟是来散心的，以解胸中郁闷，“孤”字见出他的孤独感，“目断闲云千里”也隐约透出念远、怀乡之意。作者的心情并不那么闲适，而较为复杂，有如夏末秋初的黄昏那和着凉意的热燥，使人并不好受。
“前山急雨过溪来，尽洗却、人间暑气”。天顺人意，降下一阵好雨！将那热燥一洗而空，仿佛人世间的一切尘垢连同自己那些莫名的烦闷也一洗而空。此词的“前山急雨过溪来”又加之“尽洗却”，这样的心情表现得更为痛快。此时他的愁闷似乎散去了，他得到了很大的满足。
过片写雨后情景。“暮鸦木末，落凫天际，都是一团秋意。”极目秋景一片高远，可是，暮色寒鸦却不无一种惆怅的意味，作者遂以“一团”来形容这秋意。“一团”，即忧丝难理，烦躁中难堪的心境，委婉地表现出来。所以下面说：“痴儿騃女贺新凉，也不道、西风又起。”新秋的凉爽是可喜的，可是在不知不觉间，西风起了，节序便又推移了。这句是从苏轼《洞仙歌》：“但屈指西风几时来，又不道流年暗中偷换。”转化而来。表达出作者此时的情绪底蕴：他是在感叹似水的流年。以“痴区騃女”作反衬，益发显得悲凉。
唐柳宗元贬谪永州，写了一首诗叫《南涧中题》，苏轼谓此诗忧中有乐，乐中有忧。终归还是忧。诗云：“秋气集南涧，独游亭午时。回风一萧瑟，林影久参差。”又云：“孤生易为感，失路少所宜。索寞竟何事？徘徊只自知。”《鹊桥仙》中所表现的情绪虽然没有那么沉重，但节奏是相似的：忧中求乐，乐中有忧，乐尽忧来，心情虽一时得以开解，但终归抵挡不了忧愁的纠缠。这是一个欲有作为的士大夫在那不安定的调迁频繁的仕途中，所特有的心态。作者在不少词中写这种情况，感叹着“岁月尽抛尘土里”（《糖多令》）、“万事悠悠付寒暑”（《青玉案》）、“江湖自古多流落”（《满江红》）。读了那些词，回头再读这篇作品，对其思想感情能有个较切实的把握。
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贺铸《
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南歌子·疏雨池塘见》
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佚名《
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阮郎归·春风吹雨绕残枝》
吴潜简介
唐代·吴潜的简介
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吴潜（1195—1262） 字毅夫，号履斋，宣州宁国（今属安徽）人。宁宗嘉定十年（1217）举进士第一，授承事郎，迁江东安抚留守。理宗淳祐十一年（1251）为参知政事，拜右丞相兼枢密使，封崇国公。次年罢相，开庆元年（1259）元兵南侵攻鄂州，被任为左丞相，封庆国公，后改许国公。被贾似道等人排挤，罢相，谪建昌军，徙潮州、循州。与姜夔、吴文英等交往，但词风却更近于辛弃疾。其词多抒发济时忧国的抱负与报国无门的悲愤。格调沉郁，感慨特深。著有《履斋遗集》，词集有《履斋诗余》。
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