野望
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唐代]：王绩
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东皋薄暮望，徙倚欲何依。
野望译文及注释
译文
傍晚时分站在东皋纵目远望，我徘徊不定不知该归依何方，
层层树林都染上秋天的色彩，重重山岭披覆着落日的余光。
牧人驱赶着那牛群返还家园，猎人带着猎物驰过我的身旁。
大家相对无言彼此互不相识，我长啸高歌真想隐居在山冈！
注释
东皋（gāo）：诗人隐居的地方。薄暮：傍晚。薄，迫近。
徙倚（xǐyǐ）：徘徊，来回地走。依：归依。
秋色：一作“春色”。
落晖：落日。
犊（dú）：小牛，这里指牛群。
禽：鸟兽，这里指猎物。
采薇：薇，是一种植物。相传周武王灭商后 ，伯夷、叔齐不愿做周的臣子，在首阳山上采薇而食，最后饿死。古时“采薇”代指隐居生活。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（上）．上海：上海古籍出版社，1986：126
2、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010：5
3、袁行霈 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：2-3
野望创作背景
王绩入唐后以秘书省正字待诏门下省，不久辞官还乡。贞观中出为太乐丞，旋又告归。此诗当作于诗人辞官隐居东皋（在今山西河津）之时。
参考资料：
1、张国举 等．唐诗精华注译评．长春：长春出版社，2010：2-3
野望鉴赏
这首诗写的是山野秋景。全诗于萧瑟怡静的景色描写中流露出孤独抑郁的心情，抒发了惆怅、孤寂的情怀。“东皋薄暮望，徙倚欲何依。”皋是水边地。东皋，指他家乡绛州龙门的一个地方。他归隐后常游北山、东皋，自号“东皋子”。“徙倚”是徘徊的意思。“欲何依”，化用曹操《短歌行》中“月明星稀，乌鹊南飞，绕树三匝，何枝可依”的意思，表现了百无聊赖的彷徨心情。
下面四句写薄暮中所见景物：“树树皆秋色，山山唯落晖。牧人驱犊返，猎马带禽归。”举目四望，到处是一片秋色，在夕阳的余晖中越发显得萧瑟。在这静谧的背景之上，牧人与猎马的特写，带着牧歌式的田园气氛，使整个画面活动了起来。这四句诗宛如一幅山家秋晚图，光与色，远景与近景，静态与动态，搭配得恰到好处。
然而，王绩还不能像陶渊明那样从田园中找到慰藉，所以最后说：“相顾无相识，长歌怀采薇。”说自己在现实中孤独无依，只好追怀古代的隐士，和伯夷、叔齐那样的人交朋友了。
读熟了唐诗的人，也许并不觉得这首诗有什么特别的好处。可是，如果沿着诗歌史的顺序，从南朝的宋、齐、梁、陈一路读下来，忽然读到这首《野望》，便会为它的朴素而叫好。南朝诗风大多华靡艳丽，好像浑身裹着绸缎的珠光宝气的贵妇。从贵妇堆里走出来，忽然遇见一位荆钗布裙的村姑，她那不施脂粉的朴素美就会产生特别的魅力。王绩的《野望》便有这样一种朴素的好处。
这首诗的体裁是五言律诗。自从南朝齐永明年间，沈约等人将声律的知识运用到诗歌创作当中，律诗这种新的体裁就已酝酿着了。到初唐的沈佺期、宋之问手里律诗遂定型化，成为一种重要的诗歌体裁。而早于沈、宋六十余年的王绩，已经能写出《野望》这样成熟的律诗，说明他是一个勇于尝试新形式的人。这首诗首尾两联抒情言事，中间两联写景，经过情──景──情这一反复，诗的意思更深化了一层。这正符合律诗的一种基本章法。
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马致远《
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天净沙·秋思》
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杜甫《
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羌村三首·其三》
王绩简介
唐代·王绩的简介
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王绩(约590～644)，字无功，号东皋子，绛州龙门(今山西河津)人。隋末举孝廉，除秘书正字。不乐在朝，辞疾，复授扬州六合丞。时天下大乱，弃官还故乡。唐武德中，诏以前朝官待诏门下省。贞观初，以疾罢归河渚间，躬耕东皋，自号“东皋子”。性简傲，嗜酒，能饮五斗，自作《五斗先生传》 ，撰 《酒经》 、《酒谱》 。其诗近而不浅，质而不俗，真率疏放，有旷怀高致，直追魏晋高风。律体滥觞于六朝，而成型于隋唐之际，无功实为先声。
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