同崔邠登鹳雀楼
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唐代]：李益
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鹳雀楼西百尺樯，汀洲云树共茫茫，
汉家箫鼓空流水，魏国山河半夕阳。
事去千年犹恨速，愁来一日即为长。
风烟并起思归望，远目非春亦自伤。
同崔邠登鹳雀楼译文及注释
译文
鹳雀楼西边有百尺桅樯，汀洲上高耸入云的树木一片茫茫。
汉家乐奏犹如逝去的流水，魏国山河也已经半入夕阳。
往事过千年尚遗憾时间过得快，忧愁到来一天也觉得太长。
战乱中更激起思念家乡的情感，远望楼前景色已非春天不免自我感伤。
注释
同：犹“和”，酬和。崔邠（bīn）：唐代诗人。字处仁，清河武城人。鹳（guàn）雀楼：唐代河中府的名胜。北周宇文护所建，楼高三层，原在山西蒲州府西南（今永济县），前瞻中条山，下瞰大河。因鹳雀常栖息其上而得名。后为河水冲没。
西：一作“南”，一作“前”。
汀洲：水中小洲。
箫鼓：箫与鼓。泛指乐奏。
千年：极言时间久远。
魏国山河：指大好河山。
为：一作“知”。
风烟：一作“风尘”。起：一作“是”。思归：一作“思乡”。
远目：远望。
同崔邠登鹳雀楼创作背景
据《全唐文》卷四三李翰《河中府鹳雀楼集序》，崔邠《登鹳雀楼》诗作于唐宪宗元和九年（814年）七月。此次鹳雀楼集会李益并没有参与，此诗应是李益读崔诗后追和之作。李益举家迁居洛阳后，辗转入渭北、朔方、幽州节度使等幕府从戎，此诗当作于这一时期。
参考资料：
1、周啸天 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典补编．成都：四川文艺出版社，1990：409-411
同崔邠登鹳雀楼鉴赏
此诗开头四句由傍晚登临纵目所见，引起对历史及现实的感慨。人们在登高临远的时候，面对寥廓江天，往往会勾起对时间长河的联想，从而产生古今茫茫之感。这首诗写登楼对景，开篇便写河中百尺危樯，与“蜂火城西百尺楼，黄昏独坐海风秋”（王昌龄）、“城上高楼接大荒，海天愁思正茫茫”（柳宗元）等写法异曲同工。以“高标出苍穹”（杜甫）的景物，形成一种居高临下、先声夺人之感，起得气势不凡。此句写站得高，下句则写看得远：“汀洲云树共茫茫。”苍茫大地遂引起登览者“谁主沉浮”之叹。遥想汉武帝刘彻“行幸河东，祀后土”，曾作《秋风辞》，中有“泛楼船兮济汾河，横中流兮扬素波，箫鼓鸣兮发棹歌”之句。（《汉武故事》）所祭后土祠在汾阴县，唐代即属河中府。上溯到更远的战国，河中府属魏国地界，靠近魏都安邑。诗人面对汀洲云树，夕阳流水，怀古之幽情如洪波涌起。“汉家箫鼓空流水，魏国山河半夕阳”一联，将黄昏落日景色和遐想沉思溶铸一体，精警含蓄。李益生经战乱，时逢藩镇割据，唐王朝出现日薄西山的衰败景象，“今日山川对垂泪”（李益《上汝州郡楼》），不单因怀古而兴，其中亦应有几分伤时之情。
后四句由抚今追昔，转入归思。其前后过渡脉络，为金圣叹所拈出：“当时何等汉魏，已剩流水夕阳，人生世间，大抵如斯，迟迟不归我为何事耶？”“事去千年犹恨速”一句挽结前两句，一弹指间，已成古今，站在历史高度看，千年也是短暂的，然而就个人而言，则又不然，应是“愁来一日即为长”。“千年犹速”、“一日为长”似乎矛盾，却又统一于人的心理感觉，此联因而成为精警名言。北宋词人贺铸名作《小梅花》末云：“遗音能记秋风曲，事去千年犹恨促。揽流光，系扶桑，争奈愁来一日却为长！”就将其隐括入词。至此，倦游思归之意已水到渠成。“风烟并是思归望，远目非春亦自伤。”非春已可伤，何况春至。无怪乎满目风烟，俱是归思。盖“人见是春色，我见是风烟，即俗言不知天好天暗也。唐人思归诗甚多，乃更无急于此者”（金圣叹语）。
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杜甫《
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夜宴左氏庄》
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戴复古《
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贺新郎·寄丰真州》
李益简介
唐代·李益的简介
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李益(约750—约830)， 唐代诗人，字君虞，祖籍凉州姑臧（今甘肃武威市凉州区），后迁河南郑州。大历四年(769)进士，初任郑县尉，久不得升迁，建中四年(783)登书判拔萃科。因仕途失意，后弃官在燕赵一带漫游。以边塞诗作名世，擅长绝句，尤其工于七绝。
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