金缕曲·慰西溟
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清代]：纳兰性德
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何事添凄咽？但由他、天公簸弄，莫教磨涅。失意每多如意少，终古几人称屈。须知道、福因才折。独卧藜床看北斗，背高城、玉笛吹成血。听谯鼓，二更彻。
丈夫未肯因人热，且乘闲、五湖料理，扁舟一叶。泪似秋霖挥不尽，洒向野田黄蝶。须不羡、承明班列，马迹车尘忙未了，任西风吹冷长安月。又萧寺，花如雪。
金缕曲·慰西溟译文及注释
译文
什么事让你哽咽哭泣呢？纵然命运不济使你试而不第那又如何，不要自己折磨自己。人世间的事自古以来都是失意多于如意，更何况才气太高也。会使自己的福气受损，你独坐在高城上，仰望北斗七星，吹笛自乐，听更鼓报夜。
大丈夫不要因为仕途不顺而急躁，不如索性学习范蠡泛游五湖，消闲隐居，怡然自得。纵然有像秋雨一般流不尽的眼泪，也应该洒向知己者。不要羡慕那些位列朝堂的人，京城里永远是这般熙熙攘攘的景象，人们忙着争名逐利，不如就让秋风把这京城的月亮吹凉，你且以达观处之吧。你所住的寺院中鲜花盛开，正如雪花般散落。
注释
金缕曲：词牌名。又名《贺新郎》《乳燕飞》，亦作曲牌名。一百十六字，前后片各六仄韵。
西溟（míng）：姜宸英（1638一1699年），字西溟，又字湛园，浙江慈溪人。擅词章，工书画。生性疏放，屡试不第。
簸弄：玩弄、播弄。磨涅，磨砺浸染。比喻所经受之考验或外界之影响。《论语·阳货》：“不曰坚乎？磨而不磷；不曰白乎?涅而不缁。”此二句谓既然命运不济，试而不第，那就放开胸怀，任老天爷播弄，不能因此而折磨自己。
蒙床：用莱草茎编织的床。北斗：指北斗七星，古代诗文中常以北斗喻指朝廷，故此处亦寓含不忘朝廷之意。玉笛：笛之美称。
谯（qiáo）鼓：指谯楼上之鼓声。古代于城门望楼之上置鼓，为鼓楼，击鼓以报时。
因人热：谓大丈夫不要因求官求仕不得而躁急。热：热中、躁急之意，《孟子·万章上》：“仕则慕君，不得于君则热中。”朱熹注云：“热中，燥急心热也。”五湖，春秋时，范蠡佐越王勾践灭吴后，浮舟太湖，易名鸱夷子皮，陶朱公。后人以此为不贪官位，隐居自适之典。料理，安排、安置。此三句意谓虽求官不成，但正好学作范蠡，泛游五湖，消闲隐居，陶然自乐。
秋霖：秋雨。野田黄蝶，谓郊野田间黄蝶蹉跎（cuō tuō）蹁跹（piān xiān）之景，可引申为家园、知己。此二句是说纵有伤情之泪，亦当洒向知己者。
承明班列：承明，承明庐，汉代侍臣值宿所居之屋，后为入朝、在朝为官之典。班列，位次，即朝班之位次。
吹冷长安月：喻在京为官的希望破灭了。
萧寺：西溟居京时曾寓萧寺。
参考资料：
1、（清）纳兰容若著．苏缨注评,纳兰词：长江文艺出版社，2015.07：第101页
2、（清）纳兰性德著．孙红颖解译,纳兰词全鉴：中国纺织出版社，2016.02：第234页
金缕曲·慰西溟创作背景
清康熙十八年（1679年），姜宸英先后经历科考不中和丧母的悲痛，情绪低落，在心灰意冷中急归奔丧。纳兰性德在好友临行时作此篇聊表慰藉。
参考资料：
1、《经典读库》编委会编著．人间最美纳兰词精选：江苏美术出版社，2013.11：第233页
金缕曲·慰西溟鉴赏
上片直奔主题，劝慰好友不要哭泣，既然命途多舛，在科场上屡试不第，就任凭天意弄人吧，不要被这些琐事消磨了意志。接着，他又说古往今来，凡是有旷世之才的人多失意潦倒，是被过高的才华折损了福分。不如独自闲卧在莱草编成的床上高眠，抬头仰望天上的北斗七星，远离繁华热闹的都市，吹玉笛抒发自己心中的悲愁，劝慰对方莫赞叹“兰摧玉折”，以为才杰受屈。应针对应试落第事。
下片紧承上文，词人继续安慰姜宸英，说大丈夫不要因为仕途不顺就焦躁急切，不要热衷于求取功名。谓大丈夫终不肯趁他人热灶烧火煮饭，不会依赖别人。今番求官不成，暂且也像范蠡一样，泛舟五湖，不也挺逍遥自在的吗？劝慰的话题，由身内的才性，转向身外的虚名。谓泪水就像秋日淫雨一样，挥之不尽，但这伤情之泪，必须洒向野田黄蝶，洒向真正的知己者。千万不要羡慕承明殿旁那长长的朝班的行列。马迹车尘，从来就忙个不停，万户捣衣，任凭西风吹冷长安的一片月色。这时候，清净的萧寺，更加是繁花如雪。劝慰对方“须不羡，承明班列”。不要羡慕在朝居官。说得很恳切，很直白，可能因对方功名心至死不变的缘故。末句即以景结情。“又萧寺，花如雪”，这是个静谧、深沉、幽丽而又带几分凄凉的艺术境界，同时又寓托着词人的生命追求。他以此慰勉两溟，同时也以此自慰。
全词充满纳兰性德独抒性灵的劝慰之语，让人为之感动。
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陶渊明《
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和刘柴桑》
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陶渊明《
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和刘柴桑》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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税憩适时暇，胜在城西隅。紫氛霭佛刹，绿柚含华濡。
昔彦丽词藻，往躅何宏舒。蕴藉渍沥液，德辉披琼琚。
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和丁端叔菊花
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宋代：
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杨万里
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匆匆还重九，匆匆又岁华。
不妨将白发，剩与插黄花。