自洛之越
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唐代]：孟浩然
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遑遑三十载，书剑两无成。
山水寻吴越，风尘厌洛京。
扁舟泛湖海，长揖谢公卿。
且乐杯中物，谁论世上名。
自洛之越译文及注释
译文
栖栖遑遑三十年，文名武功两个都没有有所成就。
去吴越寻觅山水，厌倦洛阳京都满眼的风尘。
乘一叶小舟去泛游镜湖，向谢灵运致敬作个长揖。
姑且享受杯中美酒，为什么要计较世上功名？
注释
自洛之越：洛，今河南省洛阳市。之，往，到。越，今浙江地区，春秋时越国所在地。
遑遑（huáng）：忙碌的样子。出自《列子》“遑遑尔竞一时之虚荣”。
吴越：今江苏、浙江地区，是古代吴国和越国所在地。
风尘：比喻世俗的纷扰。洛京：又称京洛，指洛阳，是唐朝东都。
扁（piān）舟：小舟。
长揖（yī）：古人拱手为礼称揖，作揖时手自上至极下称长揖。“长揖谢公卿”是委婉表示自己不屈服于权贵。
杯中物：指酒。借用陶渊明《责子诗》中“且进杯中物”句意。
谁：何，哪。这里的用法与指人的“谁”不同。
论：计较。
参考资料：
1、王亚玲主编．中华诗词实用大百科：长春出版社，1995年01月第1版：第1350页
自洛之越创作背景
孟浩然四十岁到长安考科举，但是没有考取到功名，大约在公元728年（开元十六年）到东都洛阳游览。在洛阳滞留了半年多，次年秋，从洛阳动身漫游吴越（今江苏浙江一带）。这首诗就作于诗人从洛阳往游吴越前夕，故诗题作“自洛之越”。
自洛之越鉴赏
诗头两句回顾自己的过去。“遑遑三十载”，诗人此时四十一岁，自发蒙读书到举成数为三十载。“书剑两无成”，诗中用以自况，说自己三十多年辛辛苦苦地读书，结果一事无成，实是愤激之语。
“山水寻吴越，风尘厌洛京”，两句前后倒装，每句句中又倒装。本来是因为“厌洛京风尘”，所以“寻吴越山水”。一倒装，诗句顿时劲健，符合格律，富于表现力。一个“厌”字，形象地表现出诗人旅居长安洛阳的厌烦心绪。诗人在长安是求仕，从他在洛阳与公卿的交往看，仍在继续谋求出仕。但是，半年多的奔走毫无结果，以致诗人终于厌烦，想到吴越寻山问水，洗除胸中的郁闷。“扁舟泛湖海”是“山水寻吴越”路线的具体化。
诗人乘船从洛阳出发，经汴河而入运河，经运河达于杭州（越中）。诗人计划要游太湖，泛海游永嘉（今浙江温州），因此湖海并没有叙述过多。公卿，指达官显贵。古代百姓见公卿要行叩拜的大礼，而诗人告别他们却用平辈交往的礼节——长揖，作个大揖，表现出诗人平交王侯的气概。诗人“长揖谢公卿”表现的是他一生为人傲岸。诗人并不因为求仕失意，就向公卿摇尾乞怜，因此李白说他“高山安可仰，徒此揖清芬”（《赠孟浩然》）。
“且乐杯中物”是借用陶渊明的《责子诗》“天运苟如此，且进杯中物”。末尾两句暗用张翰的话：“使我有身后名，不如即时一杯酒。”（《晋书·文苑·张翰传》）大意说：“我且喝酒乐我的，管他什么名不名。这也是愤激之辞。诗人素有强烈的功名心，希望像鸿鹄那样搏击长空，一展宏图。但是，怀才不遇，不被赏识，报国无门，只好去游山玩水。
这首诗词诗人原本满腹牢骚，但表达时处处自怨自艾，而流落不偶的遭际却不言自明。中间两联扣题，实写自洛赴越，把洛阳与吴越联系起来。中间两联意思连接很紧，首尾跳跃很大。首联总结自己勤勉失意的一生，尾联表明自己对人生的态度。诗人辞别洛阳前往吴越，目的纯粹是为了去寻求名山佳水，想在自然山水中忘掉世俗，找到归宿。孟浩然虽然一生布衣，但心中进与退、仕与隐的矛盾一直存在，并且延续到晚年。但这首诗却干净利落地摈弃尘俗，不论功名，是他特定时期真实心情的写照。
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柳宗元《
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唐铙歌鼓吹曲·战武牢》
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吴伟业《
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过吴江有感》
孟浩然简介
唐代·孟浩然的简介
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孟浩然（689-740），男，汉族，唐代诗人。本名不详（一说名浩），字浩然，襄州襄阳（今湖北襄阳）人，世称“孟襄阳”。浩然，少好节义，喜济人患难，工于诗。年四十游京师，唐玄宗诏咏其诗，至“不才明主弃”之语，玄宗谓：“卿自不求仕，朕未尝弃卿，奈何诬我？”因放还未仕，后隐居鹿门山，著诗二百余首。孟浩然与另一位山水田园诗人王维合称为“王孟”。
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