己亥杂诗·其二百二十
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清代]：龚自珍
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己亥杂诗·其二百二十译文及注释
译文
只有狂雷炸响般的巨大力量才能使中国大地发出勃勃生机，然而社会政局毫无生气终究是一种悲哀。
我奉劝上天要重新振作精神，不要拘泥一定规格以降下更多的人才。
注释
九州：中国的别称之一。分别是：冀州、兖州、青州、徐州、扬州、荆州、梁州、雍州和豫州。王昌龄《放歌行》：“清乐动千门，皇风被九州”。生气：生气勃勃的局面。恃（shì）：依靠。
万马齐喑：比喻社会政局毫无生气。喑（yīn），沉默，不说话。
天公：造物主。抖擞：振作，奋发。
降：降生，降临。
参考资料：
1、钱仲连 钱学增．清诗三百首：岳麓书社，1985：393-394
己亥杂诗·其二百二十创作背景
龚自珍的时代是一个风雨飘摇的时代，正是这样的时代，产生了这位近代史上启蒙思想家。他以其才华，起而议政“医国”，宣传变革，终因“动触时忌”，他于道光十九年己亥（1839）辞官南归，在途中写下三百一十五首《己亥杂诗》。
参考资料：
1、萧哲庵 等．清诗鉴赏辞典：重庆出版社，1992：930-932
2、钱仲连 钱学增．清诗三百首：岳麓书社，1985：393-394
己亥杂诗·其二百二十鉴赏
这是一首出色的政治诗。全诗层次清晰，共分三个层次：第一层，写了万马齐喑，朝野噤声的死气沉沉的现实社会。第二层，作者指出了要改变这种沉闷，腐朽的观状，就必须依靠风雷激荡般的巨大力量。暗喻必须经历波澜壮阔的社会变革才能使中国变得生机勃勃。第三层，作者认为这样的力量来源于人材，而朝庭所应该做的就是破格荐GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>用人材，只有这样，中国才有希望。诗中选用“九州”、“风雷”、“万马”、“天公”这样的具有壮伟特征的主观意象，寓意深刻，气势磅礴。
诗的前两句用了两个比喻，写出了诗人对当时中国形势的看法。“万马齐喑”比喻在腐朽、残酷的反动统治下，思想被禁锢，人才被扼杀，到处是昏沉、庸俗、愚昧，一片死寂、令人窒息的现实状况。“风雷”比喻新兴的社会力量，比喻尖锐猛烈的改革。从大处着眼、整体着眼、大气磅礴、雄浑深邃的艺术境界。诗的后两句，“我劝天公重抖擞，不拘一格降人才”是传诵的名句。诗人用奇特的想象表现了他热烈的希望，他期待着优秀杰出人物的涌现，期待着改革大势形成新的“风雷”、新的生机，一扫笼罩九州的沉闷和迟滞的局面，既揭露矛盾、批判现实，更憧憬未来、充满理想。它独辟奇境，别开生面，呼唤着变革，呼唤未来。
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石灰吟》
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曹植《
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七步诗》
龚自珍简介
唐代·龚自珍的简介
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龚自珍（1792年8月22日～1841年9月26日）清代思想家、文学家及改良主义的先驱者。27岁中举人，38岁中进士。曾任内阁中书、宗人府主事和礼部主事等官职。主张革除弊政，抵制外国侵略，曾全力支持林则徐禁除鸦片。48岁辞官南归，次年暴卒于江苏丹阳云阳书院。他的诗文主张“更法”、“改图”，揭露清统治者的腐朽，洋溢着爱国热情，被柳亚子誉为“三百年来第一流”。著有《定庵文集》，留存文章300余篇，诗词近800首，今人辑为《龚自珍全集》。著名诗作《己亥杂诗》共315首。
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