念奴娇·胭脂井
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清代]：郑燮
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辘辘转转，把繁华旧梦，转归何处？只有青山围故国，黄叶西风菜圃。拾橡瑶阶，打鱼宫沼，薄暮人归去。铜瓶百丈，哀音历历如诉。
过江咫尺迷楼，宇文化及，便是韩擒虎。井底胭脂联臂出，问尔萧娘何处？清夜游词，后庭花曲，唱彻江关女。词场本色，帝王家数然否？
念奴娇·胭脂井译文及注释
译文
胭脂井上的辘轳至今还在转动，但昔日帝王的繁华旧梦已无迹可寻了。只有青山依旧，繁华都已不再。昔日宫苑中的瑶阶和池沼，都变成了渔樵的场所。倾听井上铜瓶汲水声，分明为往事发出哀诉。
隋炀帝杨广蹈陈后主覆辙，在扬州修筑迷楼，被宇文化及所杀，隋灭，也如昔日隋将韩擒虎灭陈一样。陈后主与张、孔二妃从井底一块被俘获，而隋炀帝被杀时，嫔妃却不知躲在哪里。陈后主与隋炀帝所作歌辞，到处被歌女所传唱。陈后主与隋炀帝都是词场行家，但却不懂皇帝怎么做法。
注释
念奴娇：词牌名。又名“百字令”、“酹江月”等。
胭脂井：六朝陈景阳宫中景阳井。相传井栏以手拭有胭脂色，故名。公元589年隋大将韩擒虎攻入建康（今南京），陈后主与张丽华、孔贵嫔二妃藏于井中，被俘获，故胭脂井又名辱井。
故国：故都，指南京。
拾橡：出自《晋书》”粮绝拾橡实而食之”。
瑶阶：宫殿的玉石台阶。
历历：清晰、分明。
过江咫尺：扬州在江北，与金陵只一江之隔，故云。
迷楼：隋炀帝在扬州建迷楼储美女淫乐。
宇文化及：炀帝时任右屯卫将军，大业十四年在江都（扬州）杀死隋帝杨广，立秦王杨浩，后杀浩自立，国号许，次年被窦建德擒杀。
韩擒虎：隋大将。隋开皇九年（公元589年）率兵攻入建康，俘陈后主。
尔：指隋炀帝。
萧娘：女子泛称，这里指炀帝嫔妃。
清夜游：乐曲名。《资治通鉴·隋大业元年五月》载：“上好以月夜从宫女数千骑游西苑，作《清夜游曲》，于马上奏之。”
后庭花：乐曲名。又据《隋书·乐志》载，陈后主于清乐中造《玉树后庭花》曲，与幸臣制其歌词，绮艳相高，极于轻荡，男女相合，其音甚哀。 [3] 15、家数：家法传统。
然否：疑问词，是不是这样。
参考资料：
1、廖玉蕙．《中国古典文学赏析精选 12 一竿烟雨 （诗词文选） 》 ：时报文化出版事业有限公司，1984年：146页
2、衣殿臣编《郑板桥诗词选》（北京：大众文艺出版社2009）：161-162页
念奴娇·胭脂井创作背景
雍正十年（1732年）农历八月初八，郑板桥在南京江南贡院参加了乡试，乡试后游览了南京的名胜古迹，创作了《念奴娇·胭脂井》。
参考资料：
1、王咏诗．郑板桥年谱 ：文化艺术出版社，2014年：30页
念奴娇·胭脂井鉴赏
此词上阕写景，“辘辘转转，把繁华旧梦，转归何处”一句总领全词，巧妙将井中轱辘和历史的转动结合起来，把抽象的概念用具体的事物展示出来，用法极其精巧。接下来通过萧瑟、荒凉的景色感慨逝去的繁华旧事。“青山”、“黄叶”、“拾橡”、“瑶阶”、“打渔”、“宫沼”、“铜瓶”一组组意象色彩丰富、冷暖色调对比强烈，更加突出了今夕对比，旧址的萧瑟。
下阕抒情、议论，很自然地从陈后主过渡到隋炀帝，“过江，便是”这两个词语直接由“空间”转移到“时间”上的跨越。利用文字充分将时空结合在一起。从上阕写景转为联想、议论，作者想到了当年大将宇文化及、韩擒虎等人，还有躲在胭脂井里的女子，追叙陈后主、隋炀帝荒淫误国的史实，作者对此进行揭露和控诉。
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李白《
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赠新平少年》
郑燮简介
唐代·郑燮的简介
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郑板桥（1693—1765）清代官吏、书画家、文学家。名燮，字克柔，汉族，江苏兴化人。一生主要客居扬州，以卖画为生。“扬州八怪”之一。其诗、书、画均旷世独立，，世称“三绝”，擅画兰、竹、石、松、菊等植物，其中画竹已五十余年，成就最为突出。著有《板桥全集》。康熙秀才、雍正举人、乾隆元年进士。中进士后曾历官河南范县、山东潍县知县，有惠政。以请臻饥民忤大吏，乞疾归。
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