题太公钓渭图
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明代]：刘基
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浮云看富贵，流水淡须眉。
轩裳如固有，千载起人思。
题太公钓渭图鉴赏
《题太公钓渭图》就是一首很好的写心言志之作，作为诗人本身，也常常是有意识地借题画以表明自己的心志，托物寄兴。巧妙地将主观心志寄寓于客观的描述之中，实为不可多得的题画佳作。
此诗是作者在鉴赏《太公钓渭图》时，触画生情而作。即通过反思姜太公在璜溪独钓以及姜太公与周文王的君臣际遇，抒发了自己怀命世之才而不遇的忧思，同时，作者又以姜太公自喻，把自己的“草野自屏”生活看做是姜太公等待明君周文王出现一样。
姜太公，即吕望，字子牙，东海上（今安徽临泉县姜寨镇）人，曾在商朝却怀才不遇，年过六十时，已是满头白发，却仍在寻找施展才能与抱负的机会。最终，在璜溪垂钓时巧遇明君周文王，辅佐周室修德振武，结果在武王剿灭残暴的商纣王朝中终于实现了自己的抱负。而刘基在元至正二十年投奔朱元璋前，也拥有“负命世之才”的远大志向，却落个“草野自屏”的实况，这与姜太公的“璜溪垂钓”颇为相似。
第一句“璇室群酣夜”，看似在写纣王和妲己在鹿台好酒淫乐的“酒池肉林”场面，而实质却是淋漓尽致地鞭策元顺帝与亲信大臣等在宫中的“相与亵狎”、“丑声秽行”丑行。商纣王，即帝纣，好酒淫乐、性情残忍，沉迷于妲己的美色，夜夜欢娱，荒理朝政。“酒池肉林”便是商纣王“经典”的淫乐欢娱，即在摘星楼前设宴，令男女裸体追逐戏谑，同时在鹿台下挖两个坑穴，一个引酒为池，一个悬肉为林，令各嫔妃裸戏于酒池肉林，互相扑打。元顺帝，元朝末代皇帝，是一位惟淫是乐的皇帝。据《元史·列传·第九十二》载：元顺帝“选采女为十六天魔舞。八郎者，帝诸弟，与其所谓倚纳者，皆在帝前相与亵狎，甚至男女裸处，号所处室曰‘皆即兀该’，华言事事无碍也。君臣宣淫，而群僧出入禁中，无所禁止”。显然，在已经“草野自屏”的作者眼里，商纣王的鹿台“酒池肉林”与元庭顺帝的“相与亵狎”是无异的。同时，作者也因此巧妙地引出姜太公的“璜溪独钓”。
第二句“璜溪独钓时”，是写姜太公自入商朝择主不遇后，在璜溪垂钓的寒微生活。其实，姜太公是醉翁之意不在酒，真实目的却是动心忍性、观察风云，等待让自己实现远大抱负的明君出现。而作者在写此诗时，也正是满怀“命世”之志入元王朝为官，结果是一而再、再而三地受到打击。于是弃官归里，过上“草野自屏”的生活，意在与元王朝“决裂”。基于此，作者自然会由画联想到自己目前的处境与姜太公的垂钓是如出一辙，于是用了两句来描写姜太公垂钓生活的心境。
“浮云看富贵”，意思是把金钱、地位等看得很淡薄；“流水澹须眉”，意思是做人要拥有像君子淡如水一样的情怀。这正是姜太公在璜溪垂钓时心境真实的描述。其时，作者的真实意图是向世人表白：自己过“草野自屏”生活的心态就是姜太公在璜溪垂钓的那种淡如水的心境。在中国历史上，一个怀“济世”之才的人，同时兼有淡如水的君子情怀，往往都是一位建大功立大业之人。不容置疑，姜太公的情怀已经是作者认同的情怀，于是更进一步道出姜太公实现抱负的转折点——“非熊兆”。
“偶应非熊兆，尊为帝者师”便是家喻户晓的一个君臣际遇典故——“姜太公遇周文王”。这则故事，在《六韬·文师》中有记载，大致为：周文王将要前往渭水打猎，临行前卜了一卦，卜辞说：“田于渭阳，将大得焉，非龙非彲，非虎非罴，兆得公侯。天遣汝师以之佐昌”。后来在渭水边，果然看见太公在垂钓，于是前往与太公搭话，太公以博学的言辞使文王大悦。于是邀请太公坐同一辆车回西岐，并拜太公为老师。姜太公与周文王的君臣际遇，是作者日思夜想的，怎能不引起作者怀才不遇的踌躇思绪呢？于是写下了千古绝叹——“轩裳如固有，千载起人思！”。
“轩裳如固有，千载起人思”，意思是姜太公的建功立业如果是天命所指定，引起了数千年后的我（作者）深深的思考。到这里，作者的意图已经是很明了，意思是：假如也和姜太公一样遇上一位明君，立下旷世之功，在数千年后，也将会引起人们的深深思考。读诗至此，看作者，根本没有因为挫折而放弃自己要实现的、抱“济世”的远大志向，而是正在用适合中国历史的、淡如水的一种君子情怀，去洞悉所谓中国人的“轩裳固有”。
在元明际会之间，刘基的诗文可谓是以意蕴深沉而独树一帜，如果说刘基凄恻激愤、慷慨激越的经典作品主要集中在乐府的话，那么，类似五言律诗《题〈太公钓渭图〉》这样的写诗明志作品，便是刘基彻底醒悟，抛弃对元王朝的任何幻想，走上与姜太公一样动心忍性、观察风云生活的历史见证。
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咏省壁画鹤》
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杜甫《
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禹庙》
刘基简介
唐代·刘基的简介
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刘基（1311年7月1日－1375年5月16日）字伯温，谥曰文成，元末明初杰出的军事谋略家、政治家、文学家和思想家，明朝开国元勋，汉族，浙江文成南田（原属青田）人，故时人称他刘青田，明洪武三年（1370）封诚意伯，人们又称他刘诚意。武宗正德九年追赠太师，谥号文成，后人又称他刘文成、文成公。他以神机妙算、运筹帷幄著称于世。刘伯温是中国古代的一位传奇人物，至今在中国大陆、港澳台乃至东南亚、日韩等地仍有广泛深厚的民间影响力。
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羲和无停轨，颓光惨萧辰。断尾掉泥涂，无为豢牺牲。
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忆昔自京至关中将四千里所历古迹不能殚记因閒居无事追赋律诗凡十首目之曰忆晋以泄曩日之思云
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李辕
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四月南风驿路长，汴梁河底树苍苍。牙樯锦缆伤前代，□□□□□□□。
□□□□□□□，□□□□□□□。□□□□□□□，□□□□□□□。