赠从弟·其三
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魏晋]：刘桢
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凤皇集南岳，徘徊孤竹根。
于心有不厌，奋翅凌紫氛。
岂不常勤苦？羞与黄雀群。
何时当来仪？将须圣明君。
赠从弟·其三译文及注释
译文
凤凰在南岳集结，他们在枯败的竹林处徘徊不前。
我的心不气馁，奋力的展翅凌驾于高空之上。
我岂能不常常刻苦学习努力练习，我把和黄雀为伍当作耻辱。
什么时候才有杰出人物的降临，就要等到我面见君主。
注释
凤皇：即凤凰。
厌：通“餍（yàn）”，满足的意思。
紫氛：高空，云霄。
黄雀：比喻俗士或以闲散自适者。
来仪：谓凤凰来舞而有容仪，古人以为瑞应。
赠从弟·其三鉴赏
这首诗咏的是“凤凰”。凤凰是传说中的“神鸟”（《说文》），生长在南方“丹穴山”中。《大戴礼记》说它是“羽虫”之“长”，所以栖、食也与凡鸟不同：“非梧桐不栖，非练实不食”（《诗经·大雅·卷阿》郑玄笺）。这就是此诗开头所说的“凤凰集南岳，徘徊孤竹根”之意。诗人之歌咏凤凰，不仅因为它有此神奇的习性，更瞩意于它那绝世高蹈的怀抱:“于心有不厌(足)，奋翅凌紫氛。”——它根本鄙弃“鸟为食亡”之俗，不满足于“竹实”之食，而要奋展巨翼，掠过九霄的紫霞，高远地飞翔！后一句以凤凰凌空“奋翅”的动态形象，表现它绝世超俗的高远之志，运笔劲健，富于阳刚之美。读过庄子《逍遥游》和宋玉《对楚王问》的人都记得，当鹍鹏、凤凰“抟扶摇而上者九万里”之际，“学鸠”、鷃鸟之辈曾以其井蛙之见，对它们加以无知的嘲问。宋玉因此有“凤皇上击九千里，绝云霓、负苍天，翱翔乎杳冥之上。夫蕃篱之鷃，岂能与之料天地之高哉”之语，将这类斗筲之辈一笔骂倒。诗人大约正有感于此，所以接着两句便借凤凰之口，对无知之辈的嘲问，作出了声震云天的回答：“岂不常勤苦，羞与黄雀群！”意谓：正是为了不与世俗之辈同流合污，我才不避勤苦、投入搏击风云的斗争生涯的呵！诗人仰望云空、激动不已，不禁又悠然神往地追问一句：“那么，你究竟什么时候才能归来？”凤凰的回答干脆利落：“将须圣明君”。意谓：到了明君临世的时候，我就将万里来归！这四句抒写凤凰之志，诗人将其置于“奋翅凌紫氛”之后，便造出了一种高天传音的雄奇境界。绝世高蹈的凤鸟，正凌空远去，万里云天却还隆隆地回荡着它那高傲的鸣叫，这壮怀是书写在高天白云之上的呵！
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辛弃疾《
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贺新郎·赋琵琶》
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刘桢《
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赠从弟·其三》
刘桢简介
唐代·刘桢的简介
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刘桢（？-217），三国时魏名士，建安七子之一。字公干，山东东平宁阳人。博学有才，与魏文帝友善。后以不敬罪被刑，刑后署吏。所作五言诗，风格遒劲，语言质朴，重名于世，今有《刘公干集》。
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