齐天乐·萤
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宋代]：王沂孙
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碧痕初化池塘草，荧荧野光相趁。扇薄星流，盘明露滴，零落秋原飞磷。练裳暗近。记穿柳生凉，度荷分暝。误我残编，翠囊空叹梦无准。
楼阴时过数点，倚阑人未睡，曾赋幽恨。汉苑飘苔，秦陵坠叶，千古凄凉不尽。何人为省？但隔水余晖，傍林残影。已觉萧疏，更堪秋夜永！
齐天乐·萤译文及注释
译文
萤火虫刚从池塘里的草变化而来，便散发出微绿灯光相逐而飞。薄扇扑向萤火虫，萤火虫如流星般飞走了，如同承露盘中的露珠般闪烁，又如同秋天原野上的零落的磷火一般。萤火虫暗暗靠近读书之人。记起以前萤火虫穿过柳枝，感受强烈似凉风袭来，飞过荷塘划破了荷塘暮色。这般美景使我耽误了读书大业，对着翠囊空叹即使没有耽误，功成名就之梦亦无凭准。
几只萤火虫飞过楼阴，倚靠在阑干上的人还没有去睡，想起曾经的幽恨。汉代的宫苑长满苔藓，秦朝的帝陵满地落叶，千年的凄凉不尽。何人能够理解？还好有隔着水的，穿梭林间的萤火虫陪伴。已经感觉凄凉萧瑟，哪堪这秋天的夜晚还很长。
注释
齐天乐：词牌名，姜夔词注“黄钟宫”。双调一百二字，上片十句五仄韵，下片十一句五仄韵。
萤：即萤火虫。
碧痕：指萤。古人认为萤火虫为腐草所化。
荧荧：微光闪烁的样子。野光：指萤夜间所发出的微绿色光。相趁：指萤相逐而飞。
星流，形容萤飞如流星。
盘明露滴：此以承露盘中露珠滴滴闪烁喻萤。
磷：俗称鬼火，实为动物骨骸中所含磷氧化时发出的淡绿色光芒。
练裳暗近：即“暗近练裳”，指萤在暗中飞近读书之人。练裳：素色罗衣，代指着衣之人。
度荷：飞过荷塘。分暝：划开夜色。
残编：指读书太用功而把书翻烂。编，书籍，文章。翠囊，因囊内盛有萤火虫而成青绿色。
倚阑人：词人自谓。
省（xǐng）：懂得，理解，有反省之义。
萧疏：萧条冷落。
更堪：岂堪，哪堪。
参考资料：
1、高献红．王沂孙词新释辑评．北京市：中华书店，2006：119-127
齐天乐·萤创作背景
据詹安泰考证，词中“汉苑飘苔”三句是指元世祖命人建佛塔于宋故宫之事，此事发生于至元十四年（1277年），则此词应作于这年之后。“荧荧野光相趁”一句应是指宋故宫荒凉不堪，结合“零落秋原飞磷”一句，此词应为王沂孙借咏萤以抒亡国之“幽恨”。
参考资料：
1、高献红．王沂孙词新释辑评．北京市：中华书店，2006：119-127
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李白《
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鸣雁行》
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王沂孙《
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南浦·春水》
王沂孙简介
唐代·王沂孙的简介
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王沂孙，字圣与，号碧山、中仙、玉笥山人。会稽（今浙江绍兴）人，年辈大约与张炎相仿，入元后曾任庆元路学正。有《花外集》，又名《碧山乐府》。
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