早梅
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唐代]：张谓
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一树寒梅白玉条，迥临村路傍溪桥。(村路一作：林村)
早梅译文及注释
译文
有一树梅花凌寒早开，枝条洁白如玉条。它远离人来车往的村路，临近溪水桥边。
人们不知寒梅靠近溪水提早开放，以为那是经冬而未消融的白雪。
注释
迥（jiǒng）：远。
傍：靠近。
发(fā)：开放。
经冬：经过冬天。
销：通“消”，融化。这里指冰雪融化。
早梅鉴赏
自古诗人以梅花入诗者不乏佳篇，有人咏梅的风姿，有人颂梅的神韵；这首咏梅诗，则侧重写一个“早”字。
首句既形容了寒梅的洁白如玉，又照应了“寒”字。写出了早梅凌寒独开的丰姿。第二句写这一树梅花远离人来车往的村路，临近溪水桥边。一个“迥”字，一个“傍”字，写出了“一树寒梅”独开的环境。这一句承上启下，是全诗发展必要的过渡，“溪桥”二字引出下句。第三句，说一树寒梅早发的原因是由于“近水”；第四句回应首句，是诗人把寒梅疑做是经冬而未消的白雪。一个“不知”加上一个“疑是”，写出诗人远望似雪非雪的迷离恍惚之境。最后定睛望去，才发现原来这是一树近水先发的寒梅，诗人的疑惑排除了，早梅之“早”也点出了。
梅与雪常常在诗人笔下结成不解之缘，如许浑《早梅》诗云：“素艳雪凝树”，这是形容梅花似雪，而张谓的诗句则是疑梅为雪，着意点是不同的。对寒梅花发，形色的似玉如雪，不少诗人也都产生过类似的疑真的错觉。宋代王安石有诗云：“遥知不是雪，为有暗香来”，也是先疑为雪，只因暗香袭来，才知是梅而非雪，和此篇意境可谓异曲同工。而张谓此诗，从似玉非雪、近水先发的梅花着笔，写出了早梅的形神，同时也写出了诗人探索寻觅的认识过程。并且透过表面，写出了诗人与寒梅在精神上的契合。读者透过转折交错、首尾照应的笔法，自可领略到诗中悠然的韵味和不尽的意蕴。
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王十朋《
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红梅》
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吴文英《
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解语花·梅花》
张谓简介
唐代·张谓的简介
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张谓（？--777年） 字正言，河内（今河南泌阳县）人，唐代。天宝二年登进士第，乾元中为尚书郎，大历年间潭州刺史，后官至礼部侍郎，三典贡举。其诗辞精意深，讲究格律，诗风清正，多饮宴送别之作。代表作有《早梅》《邵陵作》《送裴侍御归上都》等，其中以《早梅》为最著名，《唐诗三百首》各选本多有辑录。“不知近水花先发，疑是经冬雪未消”，疑白梅作雪，写得很有新意，趣味盎然。诗一卷。
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