题李次云窗竹
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唐代]：白居易
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不用裁为鸣凤管，不须截作钓鱼竿。
千花百草凋零后，留向纷纷雪里看。
题李次云窗竹创作背景
竹，在历代文人墨客的心目中，向来都是某种精神品格的象征。苏东坡曾作诗：“宁使食无肉，不可居无竹。”可想而知，竹子的品格在文人心中有多高尚。诗人在赞赏竹的高尚品质同时，也衬托出自已高洁的情怀。
题李次云窗竹鉴赏
《题李次云窗竹》是一首借竹言志，别具情韵的咏竹诗。
白居易这首诗,乍看之下似乎平淡无奇,开头的两句，用词平淡，无新奇，只是简单地交待了竹子不用，不须。但也由此设下了悬念，为什么不用？为什么不须？连串的设问，让人情不自禁往下看，原来亮点在后面，一个“看”字，点亮了人无限的想象空间。所以这首诗须仔细品读方能发现其中回味无穷，妙不可言。
诗的开头就是的一连串比喻描写，这是一种比较创新的方式，前三句的比喻都是为了最后一句做铺垫，一个“看”字点明了诗的主旨，激发了诗的灵魂，让人无限遐想。“留向纷纷雪里看”看什么？洁白的雪里，唯剩下竹而已。从竹孤立于雪里看到竹的高洁本质，一种孤立于世俗的孤傲，也是从中衬托出诗人自已高洁的情怀。历代的士人君子之所以醉心于林，流连忘返，并非仅仅为了逃避现实社会，而是为了寻找一种精神寄托。一种超然物外的情操。足见诗人对竹子的喜爱及对竹子品格的赞誉。
竹的生存环境，总是猗猗静谧幽雅，醉心在竹的世界里，可以弥补人的心理缺陷和远离凡尘的愉悦、超脱！可以获得暂时的心理平衡。
此诗巧用对比，略形显神，托竹寓意，象征显旨。全诗有三个词非常关键，“不用”，“不须”，“留向”，前两个词所表达的情感倾向和价值观念与后一个词所表达的形成鲜明的对比，实际上是竹的功利实用的品格与精神品格的对比。先看鸣凤管，据《列仙传》记载，春秋时萧史善吹箫，能作凤声引凤凰止于其屋，故称“箫”为“鸣凤管”。由竹子加工制成的箫，其声感人肺腑，动人心魄。王褒《洞箫赋》云：“故听其巨音，则周流汜滥，并包吐含，若慈父之畜子也。其妙声，则清静厌瘱，顺叙卑达，若孝子之事父也。
科条譬类，诚应义理，澎濞慷慨，一何壮士，优柔温润，又似君子。故其武声，则若雷霆輘輷，佚豫以沸。其仁声，则若颽风纷披，容与而施惠。”由此可见箫声丰富、独特的艺术感染力。杜牧有诗云“二十四桥明月夜，玉人何处教吹箫”（《寄扬州韩绰判官》）。
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陆游《
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东湖新竹》
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沈约《
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咏檐前竹》
白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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