黄莺儿·园林晴昼春谁主
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宋代]：柳永
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园林晴昼春谁主。暖律潜催，幽谷暄和，黄鹂翩翩，乍迁芳树。观露湿缕金衣，叶映如簧语。晓来枝上绵蛮，似把芳心深意低诉。
无据。乍出暖烟来，又趁游蜂去。恣狂踪迹，两两相呼，终朝雾吟风舞。当上苑柳秾时，别馆花深处。此际海燕偏饶，都把韶光与。
黄莺儿·园林晴昼春谁主译文及注释
译文
晴丽之昼，谁主园林之春呢？春天阳气暗催草木萌发，葱郁的深谷也变得那样暖和。清晨，黄莺在林间翩翩飞舞，露水打湿的它们金黄色的毛羽，绿叶掩映中传来了它们悦耳的鸣声，绵绵蛮蛮如有情，低低地诉说着芳心深意。
无缘无故地，黄莺出巢飞动的时候，清晨的雾霭尚未消散，又追逐随同游蜂而去。它们行踪放浪，两两相呼应，整日雾里唱风里舞。当上林苑柳树葱郁茂盛时，在别馆花深的地方，这期间燕子特别多，都把美好时光白白流失。
注释
黄莺儿：词牌名。《乐章集》入“正宫”，殆为柳永创调，即咏黄莺儿。九十六字，前片四仄韵，后片五仄韵。前后片各以一平声字领五言对句。
晴昼：风和日丽的一个白天。
暖律：古以时令合乐律。暖律乃指暄暖节令，即温暖的时节。潜：暗暗地，悄悄地，私下。催：对“暖律”而言也。“暖律潜催”是“潜催暖律”的倒装。
幽谷：葱郁深谷。暄（xuān）和：即暖和。
黄鹂：即黄莺，俗称柳莺，亦谓流莺。翩翩：展翅飞貌。
乍：刚刚。迁：转移，这里是“飞到”之意。芳树：对树的美称。
观：看、见也。露湿：露水沾湿也。缕金：即金缕，此处因律而倒置。缕金衣，即金缕衣，用金缕绣有花纹图案的衣衫；这里形容黄鹂地金黄色地羽毛。
叶映：黄鹂鸣叫震动树叶而反映的回音，这是一种拓展手法。簧（huáng）语：指代簧舌的吹奏乐器之乐声，这里形容黄鹂鸣叫声之清脆悦耳。
晓来：即清晨。绵蛮：指小鸟或鸟鸣声。
芳心：通常形容女子，此处把黄鹂拟人化了。低诉：低声倾诉。
无据：此处意为“无由来”“无端”“无缘无故”。
暖烟：暖晨之霭气。
趁：此处乃“追逐”“随同”之意。游蜂：指到处采花的蜜蜂。
踪迹：行踪也。恣狂：恣意放浪。“恣狂踪迹”是“踪迹恣狂”的倒装。
两两相呼：两两相呼应。
终朝（zhāo）：即整日里。雾吟风舞，即雾里唱风里舞。这里的“雾”字正和前面的“暖烟”相呼应。
上苑：即古皇家园林“上林苑” 。秦时在咸阳附近渭水南，汉武帝于建元三年（前138年）在秦旧苑址上扩建。柳秾（nóng）：柳树葱郁茂盛。秾，草木葱郁茂盛之貌。
别馆：即别墅。古代建于园林内的居宅，称为别馆或别业。此际：这期间。海燕：即燕子、家燕。偏饶：特多。偏，偏偏是。饶，富也；多也。
⒇韶光：美好的时光，多指春光；也指青春年华。与：付出。此处指韶光白白流失了。
参考资料：
1、王星琦．柳永集/历代名家精选集．南京：凤凰出版社，2007：1-3
2、叶嘉莹 顾之京．柳永词新释辑评．北京：中国书店，2005：1-3
黄莺儿·园林晴昼春谁主创作背景
柳永一共参加五次过科举考试，先后四次落第。这首词当作于柳永早期参加科考落第之后，具体创作时间未详。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹 顾之京．柳永词新释辑评．北京：中国书店，2005：1-3
黄莺儿·园林晴昼春谁主鉴赏
对柳永这首词的理解，各家有较大不同。一种说法是：此词表似咏物，实则舒怀。上阕写尽流莺娇姿。下阕第一、第二韵句，仍写流莺风流倜傥、逍遥自在。同时，也表现出柳永的自负和自信。下阕第三韵句始，笔锋一转，当上苑柳秾时，别馆花深处，流莺已经难以主春了。此际，偏偏众多的海燕归来，把韶光占尽。不难看出，这与柳永初来京华，未试之前的心态、行径，何等相似。下阕后两韵句，也正反映了柳永不第、名落孙山的无奈而又沮丧的心情。
另一种说法：此词写春风骀荡，万物负暄而孳勃，黄鹂鸣深树，游蜂恣纵舞，海燕占尽春光，一派欢快热闹的景象。置此情境中，人的心情自然也是愉悦欢畅的。换头之“无据”二字，尤为妙手，鸟雀蜂蝶，掠过暖烟湿雾，相随相偕，自在吟舞，完全是无意识的，人们不能问它们何以如此欢舞吟唱，因那是天性使然，故言“无据”。若问此词有无寄托？不好说。总之，作者的心绪极好，为春色美好所感染就是了。从“恣狂踪迹，两两相呼，终朝雾吟风舞”几句来看，写黄鹂、写游蜂，似又在映照着人，而海燕的偏饶春光，更有白诩之意。那么想来只有科考及第，所谓金榜题名这样的大喜事才能如此欢娱。但《乐章集》向无编年，这样也是一种推测。柳永进士及第在公元1034年（宋仁宗景祐元年）。若将此词与写于汴京的《柳初新·东郊向晓星杓亚》，以及写于睦州的《满江红·暮雨初收》对读，或许能有所感悟。
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元稹《
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樱桃花》
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吴文英《
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浣溪沙·琴川慧日寺蜡梅》
柳永简介
唐代·柳永的简介
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柳永，（约987年—约1053年）北宋著名词人，婉约派代表人物。汉族，崇安（今福建武夷山）人，原名三变，字景庄，后改名永，字耆卿，排行第七，又称柳七。宋仁宗朝进士，官至屯田员外郎，故世称柳屯田。他自称“奉旨填词柳三变”，以毕生精力作词，并以“白衣卿相”自诩。其词多描绘城市风光和歌妓生活，尤长于抒写羁旅行役之情，创作慢词独多。铺叙刻画，情景交融，语言通俗，音律谐婉，在当时流传极其广泛，人称“凡有井水饮处，皆能歌柳词”，婉约派最具代表性的人物之一，对宋词的发展有重大影响，代表作 《雨霖铃》《八声甘州》。
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郑刚中
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闻说吴郎入汉中，扫除亭榭祝东风。
三年不与故人醉，留取数枝桃杏红。
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秋夜梁七兵曹同宿二首
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唐代：
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钱起
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一笑不可得，同心相见稀。摘菱频贳酒，待月未扃扉。
星影低惊鹊，虫声傍旅衣。卑栖岁已晚，共羡雁南飞。
好欲弃吾道，今宵又遇君。老夫相劝酒，稚子待题文。