棘刺雕猴
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先秦]：韩非
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燕王好微巧，卫人请以棘刺之端为母猴。燕王说之，养之以五乘之奉。王曰：“吾视观客为棘刺之母猴。”客曰：“人主欲观之，必半岁不入宫，不饮酒食肉，雨霁日出，视之晏阴之间，而棘刺之母猴乃可见也。”燕王因养卫人，不能观其母猴。郑有台下之冶者，谓燕王曰：“臣为削者也，诸微物必以削削之，而所削必大于削。今棘刺之端不容削锋，难以治棘刺之端。王试观客之削，能与不能可知也。”王曰：“善。”谓卫人曰：“客为棘刺之母猴也，何以治之？”曰：“以削。”王曰：“吾欲观见之。”客曰：“臣请之舍取之。”因逃。
（选自《韩非子·外储说左上》）
棘刺雕猴译文及注释
译文
燕王喜欢小巧玲珑的东西。有个卫人请求用棘刺的尖端雕刻猕猴，燕王很高兴，用三十平方里土地的俸禄供养他。燕王说：“我想看看你雕刻在棘刺尖上弥猴。”卫人说：“君王要想看它，必须在半年中不到内宫住宿，不饮酒吃肉。在雨停日出、阴晴交错的时候再观赏，只有这样，才能看清楚我在棘刺尖上刻的母猴。”燕王因而把这个卫人供养了起来，但不能看他刻的猕猴。郑国有个为国君服杂役的铁匠对燕王说：“我是做削刀的人。各种微小的东西一定要用削刀来雕刻，被雕刻的东西一定会比削刀大。现在的情形是棘刺尖上容纳不下削刀的刀锋，削刀的刀锋难以刻削棘刺的顶端，大王不妨看看他的削刀，能不能在棘刺尖上刻东西也就清楚了。”燕王说：“好。”于是对那个卫人说：“你在棘刺尖上制作猕猴，用什么来刻削？”卫人说：“用削刀。”燕王说：“我想看看你的削刀。”卫人说：“请您允许我到住处去取削刀。”趁机就逃跑了。
注释
微巧：小巧的东西。
棘：俗称酸枣树，多刺。
母猴：又叫沐猴、猕猴。
乘：春秋战国时一种田地的区划，《周礼》以方四里为一丘，四丘为一乘；《管子》以方六里为一乘。古时以封地的赋税作俸禄。
霁：雨止天晴。
晏阴：阴暗。
台下：为国君服杂役的奴仆。
冶者：打铁的人。
削：刻刀，这里作动词用，制造刻刀。
治：同“制”，造，作。
端：顶端
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孔融《
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沈括《
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韩非简介
唐代·韩非的简介
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韩非子生于周赧王三十五年（约公元前281年），卒于秦王政十四年（公元前233年），韩非为韩国公子（即国君之子），汉族，战国末期韩国人(今河南省新郑）。师从荀子，是中国古代著名的哲学家、思想家，政论家和散文家，法家思想的集大成者，后世称“韩子”或“韩非子”，中国古代著名法家思想的代表人物。
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