月夜
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唐代]：刘方平
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月夜译文及注释
译文
夜静更深，月光只照亮了人家房屋的一半，另一半隐藏在黑夜里。北斗星倾斜了，南斗星也倾斜了。
今夜才知春天的来临，因为你听那被树叶映绿的窗纱外，唧唧的虫鸣，头一遭儿传到了屋子里来了。
注释
更深：古时计算时间，一夜分成五更。更深，夜深了。
月色半人家：月光只照亮了人家房屋的一半，另一半隐藏在黑暗里。
北斗：在北方天空排列成斗形的七颗亮星。
阑干：这里指横斜的样子。
南斗：有星六颗。在北斗星以南，形似斗，故称“南斗”。
偏知：才知，表示出乎意料。
新：初。新透：第一次透过。
参考资料：
1、蘅塘退士．唐诗三百首：宗教文化出版社，2004年：177
2、于非．中国古代文学作品选：高等教育出版社，2002年：312
3、霍雷．唐诗总评：上海文化出版社，2001年：793
月夜鉴赏
唐诗中，以春和月为题的不少。或咏春景而感怀，或望明月而生情思。此诗写春，不唯不从柳绿桃红之类的事物着笔，反借夜幕将这似乎最具有春天景色特点的事物遮掩起来，写月，也不细描其光影，不感叹其圆缺；而只是在夜色中调进半片月色，这样，夜色不至太浓，月色也不至太明，造成一种蒙胧而和谐的旋律。
此诗首揭“更深”二字，为以下景色的描绘确定了基调，也给全诗笼罩一种特殊氛围。“月色半人家”是“更深”二字的具体化，接下的一句“北斗阑干南斗斜”，是“更深”于夜空的征象，两句一起造成春夜的静穆，意境深邃。月光半照，是因为月轮西斜，诗以星斗阑干为映衬，这就构成两句之间的内在关联。
恬谧的春夜，万物的生息迁化在潜行。“今夜偏知春气暖．虫声新透绿窗纱”，正是诗人全身心地去体察大自然的契机而得到的佳句。从虫介之微而知寒暖之候，说明诗人有着深厚的乡村生活的根柢。因此。这两句非一般人所能道。没有长期乡村生活经验的人固然说不出；便是生活在乡村，也并非人人都说得出来。今夜虫鸣，究竟是第一回还是第几回，谁去注意它，这须得有心人，还应该有一颗诗心。一个“新”字，饱含对乡村生活的深情，既是说清新，又有欣悦之意。
诗中说“春气暖”自“今夜”始，表明对节候变化十分敏感，“偏知”一语洋溢着自得之情。写隔窗听到虫声，用“透”。给人以生机勃发的力度感。窗纱的绿色，夜晚是看不出的。这绿意来自诗人内心的盎然春意。至此，我们就可以明白：诗人之所以不描写作为春天表征的鲜明的外在景观。而是借助深夜景色气氛来烘托诗的意境，就是因为这诗得之于诗人的内心。诗人是以一颗纯净的心灵体察自然界的细微变化的。诗的前二句写景物，不着一丝春的色彩．却暗中关合春意，颇具蕴藉之致。第三句的“春气暖”。结句的“虫声”，“绿窗纱”互为映发。于是春意俱足。但这声与色，仍从“意”(感觉)中来。诗人并非唯从“虫声”才知道春气已暖，“春气暖”是诗人对“今夜”的细微感觉，而“虫声”只是与其感觉冥合的一个物候。因此，诗的意蕴是深厚的。构思的新颖别致，决定于感受的独特。唐代田园诗成为一个重要流派，也不乏名家。然而。能仿佛陶诗一二者并不多见。象本诗这样深得陶体真趣的。就更为寥寥。至于说本诗有无隐微之情的寄托，于字面无证，不好去穿凿。
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杜甫《
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春望》
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白居易《
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望月有感》
刘方平简介
唐代·刘方平的简介
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刘方平(758年前后在世)，唐朝河南洛阳人。匈奴族。天宝前期曾应进士试，又欲从军 ，均未如意，从此隐居颍水、汝河之滨，终生未仕。与皇甫冉、元德秀、李颀、严武为诗友，为薪颖士赏识。工诗，善画山水。其诗多咏物写景之作，尤擅绝句，其诗多写闺情、乡思，思想内容较贫弱，但艺术性较高，善于寓情于景，意蕴无穷。其《月夜》 、《春怨》、《新春》、《秋夜泛舟》等都是历来为人传诵的名作。
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