哥舒歌
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唐代]：西鄙人
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哥舒歌译文及注释
译文
黑夜里北斗七星挂得高高，哥舒翰勇猛守边夜带宝刀。
吐蕃族至今牧马只敢远望，他们再不敢南来越过临洮。
注释
哥舒：指哥舒翰，是唐玄宗的大将，突厥族哥舒部的后裔。哥舒是以部落名称作为姓氏。《全唐诗》题下注：“天宝中，哥舒翰为安西节度使，控地数千里，甚著威令，故西鄙人歌此。”
北斗七星：大熊座的一部分。
窥：窃伺。牧马：指吐蕃越境放牧，指侵扰活动。
临洮：今甘肃省洮河边的岷县。一说今甘肃省临潭县。秦筑长城西起于此。
哥舒歌创作背景
这首诗大约是在唐玄宗天宝十二载（753年）哥舒翰领兵大破突厥后西北人民为歌颂其战功而作。哥舒翰多次击退吐蕃侵扰，改变了边境的局面，总体上起到了安定边境作用。因而，当时就有民谣说：“北斗七星高，哥舒夜带刀。吐蕃总杀却，更筑两重壕。”
参考资料：
1、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010：206-207
2、赵其钧 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典补编．成都：四川文艺出版社，1990：237-238
哥舒歌鉴赏
这是唐代西北边民对唐朝名将哥舒翰的颂歌。此诗从内容上看，是颂扬哥舒翰抵御吐蕃侵扰、安定边疆的；同时也通过这个形象寄寓了人民渴望和平、安定的理想和愿望。“北斗七星高，哥舒夜带刀”。第一句是起兴，诗人用高挂在天上的北斗星，表达边地百姓对哥舒翰的敬仰。“至今窥牧马，不敢过临洮”，牧马，就其含意而言，也就是代指一切侵扰活动。自从遭到哥舒翰的抵御，吐蕃再也不敢越过临洮进行骚扰。
这首诗题为《哥舒歌》，哥舒之所以值得歌唱，是因为他戍边抗敌，保国为民。但是，作者并不从激烈的战斗中直接表现他如何英勇善战，如何机智果敢，用兵如神等等，而是通过侧面描写的手法来突出主题。诗的第一句就把哥舒翰在人民心中的威望渲染出来。人民为何赞扬，吐蕃何故畏惧；过去吐蕃长驱直入，如今又为什么“不敢过临洮”，这都是宣扬哥舒翰的赫赫武功。可见这样的描写是很富于启发性的。“哥舒夜带刀”，这个“夜”字是颇有讲究的，它把起兴的第一句和第二句巧妙地联系起来了，把赞扬和崇敬之情融注于人物形象之中；同时又将边地的紧张气氛和人物的警备神态刻画出来了。“哥舒夜带刀”五个字干净利落，好像是一幅引人注目的人物画像。在那简炼有力、富有特征的形象中，蕴藏了一股英武之气，给人一种战则能胜的信心，而给吐蕃以“屏足不敢近”的威慑。因此，就反映人物内心世界和表现诗的主题来讲，“哥舒夜带刀”比起那种冲锋陷阵的形象更丰富、更传神，更能诱导人们的想象。
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孟浩然《
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秋登兰山寄张五》
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孟郊《
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烈女操》
西鄙人简介
唐代·西鄙人的简介
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西鄙人，意为西北边境人，相传为唐代五言民歌《哥舒歌》的作者。这首民歌通过对陇右节度使哥舒翰的歌颂，表达了各族人民对和平生活的向往，平朴自然，雄浑粗犷，流传至今。
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