杨柳枝·馆娃宫外邺城西
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唐代]：温庭筠
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馆娃宫外邺城西，远映征帆近拂堤。
系得王孙归意切，不关芳草绿萋萋。
杨柳枝·馆娃宫外邺城西译文及注释
译文
馆娃宫外，邺城西面，都是杨柳依依。远方柳影辉映征帆，近处柳丝轻拂长堤。
杨柳依依，牵系远游的人思归之心甚切。这思归之心，并非那春草萋萋所引起。
注释
⑴杨柳枝：唐教坊曲名，后用为词牌名，又名“杨柳”“柳枝”。七言绝句之一体，四句三平韵。
⑵馆娃宫：春秋时吴国宫名。据《越绝书》载，吴王于研石山置馆娃宫。传说西施至吴，吴王夫差筑此宫以住西施。左思《吴都赋》：“幸乎馆娃之宫。”此宫旧址在今江苏省吴县西南灵岩山上。《吴郡志》：研石山一曰灵岩山，上有吴馆娃宫、琴台等。邺城：三国曹操作魏王时的都城，故址在今河北临漳县西南，曹操曾筑铜雀台在此。
⑶远映征帆：指馆娃宫外之柳，宫南即太湖，故云。近拂堤：指铜雀台之柳。堤，指魏王堤。
⑷“系得”句：写柳丝牵系着公子们迫切的归心。意思是见柳而引起乡愁。系：连结，拴着。王孙：贵族的后裔，泛指富贵人家的子弟。刘安《招隐士》：“王孙游兮不归，春草生兮萋萋。”又：杜甫《哀王孙》：“腰下宝玦青珊瑚，可怜王孙泣路隅。”古时也表示对青年人的敬称，《史记·淮阴侯列传》：“吾哀王孙而进食，岂望报乎？”此处代指游子。意：《温飞卿诗集笺注》作“思”。
⑸“不关”句：意思是见芳草也会引起思归之情，今见柳枝，同样也产生思归之情，不必与芳草有关。不关：不相关。一作“不同”。芳草：一作“春草”。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋 等．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（唐·五代·北宋）．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：58-59
2、邱美琼 胡建次．温庭筠词全集汇校汇注汇评．武汉：崇文书局，2015：54-55
3、刘学锴．温庭筠诗词选．郑州：中州古籍出版社，2011：159-161
杨柳枝·馆娃宫外邺城西创作背景
温庭筠的《杨柳枝》词描写的是京城长安的杨柳。“杨柳”，多指柳树。每当春天之时，微风吹拂，那万千长条的杨柳枝犹如十三女儿的舞腰一般妩媚动人。于是，《杨柳枝》成为唐代诗人乐于吟咏的题目之一。温庭筠也不例外，写下了八首《杨柳枝》，这首即是其中之一。
参考资料：
1、张 红．温庭筠词新释辑评．北京：中国书店，2003：157-162
杨柳枝·馆娃宫外邺城西鉴赏
这首词写思妇望着柳条而产生的纷繁思绪。首句写柳树所在之地，“馆娃”和“邺城”，都是古时与美女有关的地方，西施曾居于馆娃宫中；邺城有铜雀台，杜牧《赤壁》诗有“东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁二乔”之句，曹操姬妾歌女，都住在此地。这里用这两个地名，不仅使人想见其树，更想见住在那里的美人。树与人暗自映衬，柳的娇美自在不言中，并含有思妇以美人自况之意。越觉己美，春思愈切，于是举目眺望，所见只是远近垂柳，拂堤映帆。次句写江岸之柳沐浴春风，飘拂多姿，思妇由征帆而想起远去的GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人。“馆娃”和“邺城”，一南一北，构成跨度很大的空间，配合着流水征帆、大堤杨柳，构成一幅广阔渺远的离别图。而“馆娃宫外”与“邺城西”、“远映征帆”与“近拂堤”，句中自对，则又构成一种回旋荡漾的语调，渲染了一种别情依依的气氛。
“系得王孙归意切，不关芳草绿萋萋”二句，是思妇由柳条而产生的奇异想象：芳草可以使游子怀乡，柳条虽不是芳草，然而它也像芳草一样碧绿，而且还有袅袅长丝，它足以牵住远游的人儿，使他思归更切。这种意境是很新颖的。但上文既然说杨柳拂堤，枝条无疑是既柔且长，用它来系住游子的心意，又是一种很合理的推想。古代有折柳送别的习俗，“柳”与“留”谐音，折柳相赠，正是为了加强对方对于己方的系念。有这种习俗，又加上柳枝形态在人心理上所唤起的感受，就让人觉得柳枝似乎真有此神通，能系住归心了。由此在趁势推进一层：“王孙游兮归不归，春草生兮萋萋”，作者巧妙地借此说芳草没有能耐，反衬出柳枝神通之广大。
这首词不仅扣住《杨柳枝》这个词调咏杨柳，而且加以生发，决不沾滞在题上。词中的杨柳，实际上是系住游子归意的女子的化身。词中处处有伊人的倩影，但笔笔都只写杨柳；写杨柳亦只从空际盘旋，传其神韵，这是词写得很成功的地方。
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顾况《
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宫词》
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江采萍《
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谢赐珍珠》
温庭筠简介
唐代·温庭筠的简介
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温庭筠（约812—866）唐代诗人、词人。本名岐，字飞卿，太原祁（今山西祁县东南）人。富有天才，文思敏捷，每入试，押官韵，八叉手而成八韵，所以也有“温八叉”之称。然恃才不羁，又好讥刺权贵，多犯忌讳，取憎于时，故屡举进士不第，长被贬抑，终生不得志。官终国子助教。精通音律。工诗，与李商隐齐名，时称“温李”。其诗辞藻华丽，秾艳精致，内容多写闺情。其词艺术成就在晚唐诸词人之上，为“花间派”首要词人，对词的发展影响较大。在词史上，与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”。存词七十余首。后人辑有《温飞卿集》及《金奁集》。
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寄远曲二首 其一
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明代：
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宗臣
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秦塞君校笔，章台妾倚栏。雁书何寂寞，龙剑有艰难。
烽燧春华暮，琵琶晓泪寒。自知容色落，不忍对花看。