薄幸·淡妆多态
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宋代]：贺铸
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淡妆多态，更的的、频回眄睐。便认得琴心先许，与绾合欢双带。记画堂、风月逢迎、轻颦浅笑娇无奈。向睡鸭炉边，翔鸳屏里，羞把香罗偷解。
自过了、烧灯后，都不见踏青挑菜。几回凭双燕，丁宁深意，往来却恨重帘碍。约何时再，正春浓酒困，人闲昼永无聊赖。厌厌睡起，犹有花梢日在。
薄幸·淡妆多态译文及注释
译文
她妆束淡雅，绰约多姿，早已使我深深爱慕，哪里还禁得住她频频向我盼顾？我知道她心已暗许，愿同我双双缔结欢娱。不能忘怀清风皓月的良辰，我们在画堂相聚，她轻蹙蛾眉，含情微笑。那模样是多么娇媚美丽。在睡鸭形的香炉旁，在画着双飞鸳鸯的屏风里。她娇羞地悄悄解开罗衣。
自从过了元宵，直到踏青挑菜的时节，如云的游人仕女中，我不曾寻见她的影踪。多少次相托双燕传信，嘱咐它们带上我的深情，却恨那重重帘幕，阻断了燕儿的路程。佳期密约几时才能再来？我日日醉饮，趁那春意正浓。人又闲，天又长，只觉得百事无心。我无精打采地昏昏愁眠，醒来时花梢还照着高高的日影。
注释
薄幸，词牌名之一，双调一百零八字，上片九句五仄韵，下片十句五仄韵。
的的：频频、连连。郑仅《调笑转踏》词：“吴姬绰约开金盏，的的娇波流美盼”，同此义。也有版本记作“滴滴”，形容眼波不时注视的样子。
眄睐（miǎnlài）：斜望。《古诗十九首》之十六：“眄睐以适意，引领遥相瞒。”
琴心：以琴声达意。
“欲绾（wǎn）”句：意谓结同心之好。绾，旋转打结。合欢带，即合欢结。梁武帝《秋歌》：“绣带合欢结，锦衣连理文。”
烧灯：指元宵节。
踏青挑菜：指踏青节、挑菜节，是古代的两个民间节日踏青：春日郊游。杜甫《绝句》：“江边踏青罢，回首见旌旗。”唐俗，农历二月初二日曲江挑菜，士民游观其间，谓之挑菜节。
丁宁：叮嘱，嘱托。
厌厌：同“恹恹”，形容精神压抑不舒畅。
参考资料：
1、谷闻编．婉约词：西北大学出版社，1994年：131-132
2、孙明 朱绛著．唐宋诗词精译（词卷）：黄河出版社，1996年：233-236
3、（清）上彊村民选编；杨光治评注．今评新注宋词三百首：湖南文艺出版社，1996：124-125
4、森申清编．宋词三百首辞典：汉语大词典出版社，1999年：206-208
薄幸·淡妆多态鉴赏
这是一组“爱情三部曲”。从开头至“与绾合欢双带”为第一部，定情：写一见钟情，“琴心先许”。从“记画堂”至上片结束为第二部，幽会：写两心相知，互赠信物。词的下片为第三部，相思：写物在人杳，再会无期。
人们往往将古典诗词中所写的美人香草当作作者寄托深意的象征物，试图透过它探寻重大的政治主题。这样做有一定道理，屈原的《离骚》便是明证。但若将这种研究方法作为固定的格套，定要苦心孤诣地寻求每一首“美人香草”词的政治寓意，则近乎胶柱鼓瑟、缘木求鱼了。
吴曾《能改斋漫录》载：“贺方回眷一姝，别久，姝寄诗云：‘独倚危栏泪满襟，小园春色懒追寻。深思纵似丁香结，难展芭蕉一寸心。’贺演其诗为《石州引》词。悼亡诗词，不知即为此姬作否？”看来，古人并不都古板，吴曾并不以“情事”、“情词”为嫌。那么，读者对于这首《薄幸》，不妨即以其男女情的本色来鉴赏，亦无伤“大雅”。
诗无达诂。吴曾的记载给我们提供了合理想象的事实依据。“贺方回眷一姝，别久”，与此词正合。全词的情感核心正是一个“眷”字。“姝”者，美女也，词中所写的“淡妆多态”、“轻颦浅笑娇无奈”，正是“这一个”美女的独特之美──“多态”：“淡妆”是多态的反衬；“轻颦浅笑”是多态之一斑；“娇无奈”则是无法用语言形容的“多态”。而这种形体之“多态”，不正是她内心多情而又娇羞的复杂心态的自然流露么？此词下片所写相思之苦，也正由“别久”引发。吴曾所引之“姝寄诗”，情思深婉，形象鲜丽，引喻贴切，又可见这位姑娘文才之美。所以作者眷恋不已。如果是这样，这首《薄幸》词当作于二人定情之后、爱人寄诗之前的一段相思时节。
词中女主人公形象的特色，除了“多态”、多情之外，尤为引人注目的突出之处在于主动。这与传统“佳人”形象有质的区别。试看，她对意中人“的的频回眄睐”，怎不令人销魂；她一旦确认知音，便“琴心先许”、“绾合欢双带”、“把香罗偷解”，又是何等的果断、痛快！在这位真情如火的姑娘身上，可以窥见白朴《墙头马上》中李千金的身影。“的的”二字，颇值玩味；既表现了作者相思时回忆往事如在目前的真切情景，又生动传神地托出了女子频送秋波的明确信息。“的的”二字迭用，虽属罕见，但用在这里却非常明晓畅达，充溢着生活气息，使读者眼中幻化出这位勇敢女性的神采。
这组爱情三部曲的第一部“定情”，纯用白描手法，恰与姑娘的“淡妆”相融谐。第二部“幽会”，不宜用白描了，便以景衬情，选用了“画堂”、“风月”、“睡鸭”、“鸳屏”等典型事物来暗写。第三部“相思”为全词重点，可分为三个层次：第一层写初次幽会之后再不见那位姑娘“踏青挑菜”，也就是再没有见面的机会。第二层写多次托人传书递简，但阻隔重重，音信难通。第三层写后会无期，百无聊赖，度日如年。这三层步步递进，逼出了一个“苦”字。于是在心中暗暗怨恨那位“冤家”的“薄幸”；于是更加珍惜那不可重复的“定情”与“幽会”，一遍又一遍地回想当初的黄金细节：“淡妆多态……”。全词就是这样形成了一个“此恨绵绵无绝期”的循环往复的“情结”结构。
有一位学者曾说：中国古代文学中存在着一个爱情母题：有所爱，但不能得其所爱，而又不能忘其所爱。这首词也是一个佐证。如果与那些汗牛充栋的才子佳人大团圆的小说戏曲相比，贺铸这首小词所反映的古代青年男女爱情生活的真实性和普遍性，无疑具有更高的认识价值和审美价值。
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贺铸简介
唐代·贺铸的简介
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贺铸(1052～1125) 北宋词人。字方回，号庆湖遗老。汉族，卫州（今河南卫辉）人。宋太祖贺皇后族孙，所娶亦宗室之女。自称远祖本居山阴，是唐贺知章后裔，以知章居庆湖（即镜湖），故自号庆湖遗老。
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入施州杂咏六首 其一
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明代：
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潘希曾
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匹马空山日易移，裹粮篝火傍崖炊。谁言野食无供帐，鸟作笙箫树作帷。
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寿欧子建六十初度时方应试棘围
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明代：
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韩日缵
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才名七步竟谁伦，一领青衫几十春。揽镜不妨宁作我，掺觚那肯不惊人。
少年逐队豪仍在，白杜同盟迹未陈。我已倦游君始壮，风云会见起潜鳞。