花非花
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唐代]：白居易
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花非花，雾非雾。
夜半来，天明去。
来如春梦几多时？
去似朝云无觅处。
花非花译文及注释
译文
说它是花不是花，说它是雾吗不是雾。
半夜时到来，天明时离去。
来时仿佛短暂而美好的春梦？
离去时又像清晨的云彩无处寻觅。
注释
花非花：《花非花》之成为词牌始于此诗。
来如：来时。
几多时：短暂美好的。
去似：去了以后，如早晨飘散的云彩，无处寻觅。
朝（zhāo）云：此借用楚襄王梦巫山神女之典故。
花非花创作背景
《白氏长庆集》中有《真娘墓》以及《简简吟》二诗，且二诗均为悼亡之作。此《花非花》诗与以上二诗同卷，编次其后。《花非花》诗大约与《简简吟》同时为同一目所作。据诗意，亦属往事虽美，却如梦如云，不复可得之叹。
参考资料：
1、施友俊.关于《花非花》之补遗.歌海出版社,2000.03
花非花鉴赏
这首诗通篇都是隐语，主题当是咏官妓。当时各级官府都有一定数目的娟妓，供那些腐朽的官僚们驱使。首句“花非花”是说官妓的容颜如花，但又并非真花。次句“雾非雾”中“雾”字是双关。借“雾”为“婺”。“婺女”即女宿星。因官妓女性，上应女宿，但又并非云雾之雾。“夜半来，天明去”既是咏星，也是说人。语意双关，而主要是说人。官妓不同于一般的妓女，更不同于正式的妻子，她们与官僚之间互为依存，但关系又不便十分密切，只能以夜来明去为限，可谓会短别长。故末二句发出来如春梦几多时？去似朝云无觅处卜的感叹。上句言会短，下句言别长。其中“梦”、“朝云”的描写是借用宋玉《高唐赋》、《神女赋》中关于楚王与巫山神女梦中相会的典故，以喻男女之幽会。因为语言文字运用得巧妙，把男女欢爱之事抒写得很含蓄，富于诗意。
语意双关，富有朦胧美是这首小是的最大特点。雾、春梦、朝云，这几个意象都是朦胧、飘渺的，意象之间又故意省略了衔接，显出较大的跳跃性，文字空灵，精炼，使人咀嚼不尽，显示了诗人不凡的艺术功力。
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白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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