更漏子·柳丝长
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宋代]：晏几道
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雪香浓，檀晕少。枕上卧枝花好。春思重，晓妆迟。寻思残梦时。
更漏子·柳丝长译文及注释
译文
柳树垂下了长长的柔兰，桃树吐出了小小的嫩叶，这静寂的深院啊，终日没有人到来。淡淡的虹日撒下了飘融煦光，浓绿的树丛笼罩着漠漠轻烟，偶尔传出的三两声困润觅转的莺鸣，划破了深院的沉寂。
她雪白的肌肤飘溢出浓浓的芳香，属旁浅糟色的妆晕消褪了，只有枕头上枝梢叠压的绣花，依旧娇艳美丽。春日撩起的浓重闲愁，使挖瞧起后也无心梳妆，仍独自痴痴地寻思看清晨温孽的残梦。
注释
更漏子：词牌名，又名《付金钗》《独倚楼》《翻翠袖》等。此调有两体，四十六字者始于温庭筠，唐宋词最多。《尊前集》注：大石调。又属商调。一百四字者，止杜安世词，无别首可录。 比较著名的有《更漏子·玉炉香》、《更漏子·柳丝长》等。
流莺：圆润婉转的莺鸣。
雪香浓：雪白的肌肤透出浓香。
檀晕少：妇女眉旁浅赭色的妆晕消褪了。
残梦：残存的梦的记忆。
参考资料：
1、（唐）温庭筠等著；王建新整理,婉约词·豪放词,万卷出版公司,2009.09,第115页
2、兰世雄编注,婉约词,安徽人民出版社,2001年10月第1版,第143页
更漏子·柳丝长创作背景
宋哲宗元祐初，词人已经到了晚年，独自一人深处闺房，为了描写自己内心的闺思之前，故写下了这首《更漏子》。
参考资料：
1、诸葛忆兵编选,晏殊 晏几道集,凤凰出版社,2013.03,第221页
更漏子·柳丝长鉴赏
上片描写庭院中的景物。柳丝已长，桃叶尚小。“深院断无人到”一句，既说庭院的寂静，也表女子的孤独；而着一“断”字，则含意更加细微繁富，既延伸了寂静的时间长度，也开始透露了女子的哀怨情绪。
“红日淡，绿烟轻，流莺三两声。”明点“红”、“绿”二字，照应开头写柳、写桃的暗表两种颜色；写到鸟儿，却又把黄莺的“黄”字隐去，改作“流莺”，以表其来来往往快速飞动之状态。描写春天景物，笔法极尽交错变化之能事，真可谓匠心巧运了。加上了动态，加上了声音，终于把庭院里的春光写足，而尤其应该注意的是，不可忽略“流莺三两声”一句在词中的重要作用。请注意以下两点：第一，鸟的叫声，更加反衬出庭院的寂静，这是“鸟鸣山更幽”的道理；第二，从全篇的结构上说，是鸟声唤醒了春闺独宿的女子，下片接着描写女子醒来以后的情况，可见，鸟声起到了把上下两片连接在一起的作用。
下片转入居室内部，直接描写女子的外貌和内心。先写她被鸟声唤醒，尚未起床时的情况：“雪香浓”，言其肌肤洁白似雪，浓香馥郁；“檀晕少”是说经过了一夜睡眠，她脸上的脂粉已然淡却；“枕上卧枝花好”，是说女子起身离枕，露出了枕面上刺绣的斜枝花卉，并且以花比人，言其貌美。接下来，描写女子心事重重的慵懒之态。“春思重”是点题之笔，是闺情这类题目的核心所在，当寓含“悔教夫婿觅封侯”之意；“晓妆迟”，晨起无心梳妆，当寓含“谁适为容”之意；“寻思残梦时”，所梦为何，毋须明言，但引她寻思，必是好梦，然而，梦境虽好，奈其残破何，又奈其虚幻何！收束之句，委婉含蓄，韵致无穷，最见笔力。
全词突出运用对比和反衬的手法。从全词来看，上片描绘春光美丽，下片却写闺中的女主人公脸色憔损，春思重重，迟迟不起。景与人的对照，形成强烈的矛盾和不和谐。这正反衬了女主人公“春思”的深重。从上片来看，外界是一幅有声有色充满生机的春景图，深院里却是“无人到”的冷冷清清的寂然无声的境界，也是一个鲜明的对照，反衬女主人公“春思”的深重。从下片来看，龙脑香所散发的香气制造了客观的温馨氛围，而女主人的主观却是“春思重”，“晓妆迟”而且脸上光色少了。主客观对照又是极不和谐，又反衬出“春思”的深重，所以尽管龙脑香浓，却提不起女主人公的精神来。
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李煜《
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晏殊《
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晏几道简介
唐代·晏几道的简介
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晏几道（1030-1106，一说1038—1110 ，一说1038-1112），男，汉族，字叔原，号小山，著名词人，抚州临川文港沙河（今属江西省南昌市进贤县）人。晏殊第七子。历任颍昌府许田镇监、乾宁军通判、开封府判官等。性孤傲，晚年家境中落。词风哀感缠绵、清壮顿挫。一般讲到北宋词人时，称晏殊为大晏，称晏几道为小晏。《雪浪斋日记》云：“晏叔原工小词，不愧六朝宫掖体。”如《鹧鸪天》中的“舞低杨柳楼心月，歌尽桃花扇底风”等等词句，备受人们的赞赏。
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