菩萨蛮·红楼别夜堪惆怅
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唐代]:韦庄
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红楼别夜堪惆怅,香灯半卷流苏帐。
琵琶金翠羽,弦上黄莺语。
菩萨蛮·红楼别夜堪惆怅译文及注释
译文
当时红楼离别之夜,令人惆怅不已,香灯隐约地映照着半卷的流苏帐。残月将落,天刚破晓时,“我”就要出门远行,美人含着泪珠为“我”送行,真是“寸寸柔肠,盈盈粉泪”的样子。临别时为我弹奏一曲如泣如诉的乐章,那琵琶杆拨上装饰着用金制成的翠羽,雍容华贵;那琵琶弦上弹奏着娇软的莺语,婉转动人。那凄恻的音乐分明是在劝“我”早些儿回家,碧纱窗下有如花美眷在等着他。
注释
红楼:红色的楼,泛指华美的楼房。此指官贵人家女子的闺一说犹青楼,妓女所居。
堪惆怅:堪,“那堪”的省文。此指因失意或失望而伤感、懊恼。
香灯:即长明灯。通常用琉璃釭盛香油燃点。
流苏帐:用彩色羽毛或丝线等制成的穗状垂饰物。常饰干车马、帐帐等物上。此指饰有流苏的帷帐。
残月出门时美人和泪辞:此句是当黎明之时将要出门离去女子留着眼泪与之辞别。
琵琶:初创批把。见《释名释乐器》。此类乐器原流行于波斯、阿拉伯等地,汉代传人我国。后经改造,团体修颈,有四弦、十二柱。俗称“秦汉子”。南北朝时又有曲项琵琶传八我国。四弦腹呈半梨形颈上有四柱,横抱怀中用拨子弹奏即现今琵琶的前身。唐宋以来经不断改进柱垃逐渐增多改横抱为竖抱,废拨子改用手指弹奏,观今民间的琵琶有十七柱,通常称四相十三品革新的琵琶有六相十八品;后者能弹奏所有半音技法丰富成为重要的民族乐器。
金翠羽:指琵琶上用黄金和翠玉制成的饰物。
弦上黄莺语:此句是指琵琶之声犹如黄莺的啼叫。
绿窗:绿色纱窗。指贫女的闺室。与红楼相对,红楼为富家女子闺室。
据唐圭璋《唐宋词简释》记载。
菩萨蛮·红楼别夜堪惆怅创作背景
《菩萨蛮·红楼别夜堪惆怅》创作于韦庄浪迹江南一带时,思乡怀念妻子的惆怅心情。韦庄生在唐帝国由衰弱到灭亡、五代十国分裂混乱的时代。他一生饱经乱离漂泊之苦。黄巢攻破长安,他逃往南方,到处流浪。直到59岁,才结束了这漂泊流离的生活。
参考资料:
1、王寅生,张福海 .问世间情是何物:爱情词品珍 :东方出版社 ,1995年08月第1版 :12-13 .
菩萨蛮·红楼别夜堪惆怅鉴赏
韦庄生在唐帝国由衰弱到灭亡、五代十国分裂混乱的时代。他一生饱经乱离漂泊之苦。黄巢攻破长安,他逃往南方,到处流浪。直到59岁,才结束了这漂泊流离的生活。
这首《菩萨蛮》词,就是写作者浪迹江南一带时思乡怀念妻子的惆怅心情。
“红楼别夜堪惆怅,香灯半卷流苏帐。”这两句写分别时的情景。回忆在朱门红楼那天告别之夜,灯光映照着半卷的挂有流苏的帐子的情景,真叫人难过极了。“流苏”,是用五彩毛羽或丝绸作成的须带或垂饰,称流苏。“半卷流苏帐”,指人还未入睡。
“残月出门时,美人和泪辞。”次二句写情深似海,难舍难分,一直到残月将落时,爱人带着泪水,才送我离开家门,分手告别的。
词的下片,写客地思归,由听到琵琶乐声想到所爱之人正倚窗远望,等候自己归去。
“琵琶金翠羽,弦上黄莺语。”这两句写作者在他乡听歌女弹琵琶,弦上弹出黄莺般的音乐声。“金翠羽”本指美人的金钗,这里用以代指歌女,“黄莺语”指琵琶弹的乐声就象清脆婉转的黄莺啼般的歌声,极写琵琶声调的婉转。
“劝我早还家,绿窗人似花。”这两句写词人由“黄莺语”联想起爱人临别时叮咛自己早日归家,想到花容月貌的爱人此时正倚窗远望,盼望归去。
据唐圭璋《唐宋词简释》,此词又作:
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晏几道《
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贺铸《
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石州引·薄雨初寒》
韦庄简介
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韦庄(约836年─910年),字端己,杜陵(今中国陕西省西安市附近)人,诗人韦应物的四代孙,唐朝花间派词人,词风清丽,有《浣花词》流传。曾任前蜀宰相,谥文靖。
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