临江仙·登凌歊台感怀
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宋代]：李之仪
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偶向凌歊台上望，春光已过三分。江山重叠倍销魂。风花飞有态，烟絮坠无痕。
已是年来伤感甚，那堪旧恨仍存。清愁满眼共谁论。却应台下草，不解忆王孙。
临江仙·登凌歊台感怀鉴赏
这首词，作于李之仪居今当涂期间的某年春天。
凌歊台，南朝宋孝武帝曾建避暑离宫于此。实际上，凌歊台并不很高（据《太平寰宇记》载仅高四十丈），只是因周围平旷，才望得很远。李之仪的这首词就是登此台远望之所得。目的在借景发挥，借登凌歊台以抒发内心的感慨。
“偶向凌歊台上望，春光已过三分。江山重叠倍销魂。”起首用“偶向”二字，便透露出他平时幽居抑郁的心情。李之仪虽身在江南，心犹念汴京和故土（李之仪的家乡在今山东无棣）。登高以眺远，自难免引起万千感触。但词人仅用“春光已过三分”一句概括他种种思绪，把无穷的空间感化作有限的时间感，从而收到含蓄蕴藉的审美效果。“销魂”一词，兼有极度高兴和极度伤心两方面的含义。
“风花飞有态，烟絮坠无痕。”飞花、坠絮，本都是自然形态的东西；但经过诗人的渲染，便都变成了含情物。飞花，指他人之乘风直上，舞态翩跹，得意非常；坠絮，喻己身之遭谤被逐，堕地沾泥，了无痕迹。
下片点明题意：“已是年来伤感甚，那堪旧恨仍存！清愁满眼共谁论？”“伤感甚”，指以往岁月里所遭受的政治打击。“那堪旧恨仍存”，意味着此刻、此后仍然“旧恨”绵绵。“清愁”，指所触起的新愁。词人在“愁”字下加用“满眼”一词，便使人觉得愁如春天的游丝弥漫空际。至于愁些什么，词人并未明言，因此给读者留下了想象空间。“共谁论”，进一步表明诗人块然独处，竟无人可为解愁。
“却应台下草，不解忆王孙？”却，这里作“岂”解，“却应”即“岂应”。词人目睹凌高欠台下春草丛生，很自然会联想起淮南小山《招隐士》中“王孙游兮不归，春草生兮萋萋”的著名诗句。但李之仪这里的“王孙”指的不是别人，而是自己。词人把归乡不得的怨恨归咎于春草的不解相忆，实乃貌似无理却至情的说法。
纪昀《四库全书总目·姑溪词提要》谓李之仪“小令尤清婉、峭蒨，殆不减秦观。”可谓一语中的，总括了李之仪小词的特点。这首词就是明证。
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吴潜《
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满江红·豫章滕王阁》
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吴潜《
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满江红·豫章滕王阁》
李之仪简介
唐代·李之仪的简介
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李之仪(1038～1117）北宋词人。字端叔，自号姑溪居士、姑溪老农。汉族，沧州无棣（庆云县）人。哲宗元祐初为枢密院编修官，通判原州。元祐末从苏轼于定州幕府，朝夕倡酬。元符中监内香药库，御史石豫参劾他曾为苏轼幕僚，不可以任京官，被停职。徽宗崇宁初提举河东常平。后因得罪权贵蔡京，除名编管太平州（今安徽当涂），后遇赦复官，晚年卜居当涂。著有《姑溪词》一卷、《姑溪居士前集》五十卷和《姑溪题跋》二卷。
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