鹧鸪天·枝上流莺和泪闻
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宋代]：秦观
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枝上流莺和泪闻，新啼痕间旧啼痕。一春鱼鸟无消息，千里关山劳梦魂。
无一语，对芳尊。安排肠断到黄昏。甫能炙得灯儿了，雨打梨花深闭门。
鹧鸪天·枝上流莺和泪闻译文及注释
译文
耳畔突然响起黄莺的啼鸣，梦中惊醒的我泪流满面，新的泪痕叠着旧泪痕。丈夫远在千里关山，整整一个春季未寄一封家书，只有在梦中才能见到他。
早上起来，没有人可以诉说一句话，只有空对着精致的酒樽。一天从早晨到到黄昏肠都断了。夜里刚刚灯油熬干了，窗外雨打梨花，还是闭门听着吧。
注释
鹧鸪天：词牌名。小令词调，双调五十五字，上片四句三平韵，下片五句三平韵。唐人郑嵎诗“春游鸡鹿塞，家在鹧鸪天”，调名取于此。又名“思佳客”“思越人”“剪朝霞”“骊歌一叠”等。
流莺：即莺。流，谓其鸣声婉转。
啼痕：泪痕。唐岑参《长门怨》诗：“绿钱侵履迹，红粉湿啼痕。”
鱼鸟：犹鱼雁。相传鸿雁、鲤鱼可以传递书信，故云。消息：音信，信息。
关山：关隘山岭。梦魂：古人以为人的灵魂在睡梦中会离开肉体，故称“梦魂”。
芳尊：精致的酒器。亦借指美酒。“尊”通“樽”。
安排：听任自然的变化。
甫能：宋时方言，犹今语刚才。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋 等．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（南宋·辽·金卷）．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：2368-2369
鹧鸪天·枝上流莺和泪闻创作背景
此词创作时间未详，其作者也尚有争议。清代王鹏运四印斋本《漱玉词补遗》案语以为北宋词人秦观所作。汲古阁未刻词本《漱玉词》收此词，以为李清照所作。而《全宋词》归入无名氏的作品。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋 等．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（南宋·辽·金卷）．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：2368-2369
鹧鸪天·枝上流莺和泪闻鉴赏
此词上片写思妇凌晨在梦中被莺声唤醒，远忆GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人，泪流不止。“梦”是此片的关节。后两句写致梦之因，前两句写梦醒之果。致梦之因，词中写了两点：一是丈夫征戌在外，远隔千里，故而引起思妇魂牵梦萦，此就地点而言；一是整整一个春季，丈夫未寄一封家书，究竟平安与否，不得而知，故而引起思妇的忧虑与忆念，此就时间而言。从词意推知，思妇的梦魂，本已缥缈千里，与丈夫客中相聚，现实中无法实现的愿望，在梦境中得到了满足。这是何等的快慰，然而树上黄莺一大早就恼人地歌唱起来，把她从甜蜜的梦乡中唤醒。她又回到双双分离的现实中，伊人不见，鱼鸟音沉。于是，她失望了，痛哭了。
过片三句，写女子在白天的思念。她一大早被莺声唤醒，哭干眼泪，默然无语，千愁万怨似乎随着两行泪水咽入胸中。但是胸中的郁懑总得要排遣，于是就借酒浇愁。可是如李白所说：“花间一壶酒，独酌无相亲。”一怀愁怨，触绪纷来，只得“无一语，对芳尊”，准备就这样痛苦地熬到黄昏。李清照《声声慢·秋词》云：“守着窗儿独自，怎生得黑？”词意相似。唯李词音涩，声情凄苦；此词音滑，似满心而发，肆口而成，然无限深愁却蕴于浅语滑调之中，读之令人凄然欲绝。
结尾两句，融情入景，表达了绵绵无尽的相思。这里是说，刚刚把灯油熬干了，又听着一叶叶、一声声雨打梨花的凄楚之音，就这样睁着眼睛挨到天明。词人不是直说彻夜无眼，而是通过景物的变化，婉曲地表达长时间的忆念，用笔极为工巧。
这首词有一个好处，就是因声传情，声情并茂。词人一开头就抓住鸟莺啭的动人旋律，巧妙地溶入词调，通篇宛转流畅，环环相扣，起伏跌宕，一片官商。细细玩索，就可以体会到其中的韵味。
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秦观《
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秦观简介
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秦观（1049-1100）字太虚，又字少游，别号邗沟居士，世称淮海先生。汉族，北宋高邮（今江苏）人，官至太学博士，国史馆编修。秦观一 生坎坷，所写诗词，高古沉重，寄托身世，感人至深。秦观生前行踪所至之处，多有遗迹。如浙江杭州的秦少游祠，丽水的秦少游塑像、淮海先生祠、莺花亭；青田的秦学士祠；湖南郴州三绝碑；广西横县的海棠亭、醉乡亭、淮海堂、淮海书院等。秦观墓在无锡惠山之北粲山上，墓碑上书“秦龙图墓”几个大字。有秦家村、秦家大院以及省级文物保护单位古文游台。
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