念奴娇·避地溢江书于新亭
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明代]：王澜
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凭高远望，见家乡、只在白云深处。镇日思归归未得，孤负殷勤杜宇。故国伤心，新亭泪眼，更洒潇潇雨。长江万里，难将此恨流去。
遥想江口依然，鸟啼花谢，今日谁为主。燕子归来，雕梁何处，底事呢喃语。最苦金沙，十万户尽，作血流漂杵。横空剑气，要当一洗残虏。
念奴娇·避地溢江书于新亭鉴赏
这是一篇怀乡之作。
上片直抒乡愁。作者家乡被金兵大肆屠杀，掠夺一空，自己逃难在外，想起家乡便痛心疾首，黯然神伤。起首以“凭高远望”发端，看到的只是白云茫茫，一片缥缈，对家乡刻苦的思念使他日夜思归，但家乡已为敌人所占，有家难回，白白辜负了子规殷勤地劝告“不如归去”。当他正在新亭为思乡而凄然流泪时，亭外雨声潇潇，更添悲凉。他把目光转向眼前之景：国破家亡，其恨无穷。这滚滚东流的江水，也难流尽家国之恨，语极沉重，情极悲痛，活绘出一个失去家国的流亡者悲怆的形象。
下片以“遥想”二字发端，写自己的思绪又回到了家乡。那里江口依旧，该是到了鸟啼花谢的时候吧？可现在却是江山易主，物是人非，怎不令人伤感！“燕子”三句，他想象不懂人间之事而照常回家的燕子，找不到旧巢后，十分疑惑呢喃而语。作者选取典型事物，用拟人化的手法描写蕲州被敌人破坏的情景。语虽平淡却感人至深。“最苦”三句，作者压抑不住痛失家国的愤怒，直接写出蕲州城破的惨状。富庶的蕲州，十万户之多的人口都被杀尽，生灵涂炭，血流成河，这里虽运用了夸张的手法，但也是写实，揭露和控诉了金兵惨无人道的罪行。正因为如此，作者由对家乡刻骨的思念，再到对敌的愤怒，最后上升为报仇雪恨的决心和壮志。结尾二句“横空剑气，要当一洗残虏”，是力量、是誓言，也是必胜的信念，二句振起全词，壮志凌云，铿锵有力，是被践踏被蹂者奋起反抗而发出的最强音和最高音。
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上一首：
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苏轼《
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减字木兰花·春月》
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下一首：
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曹豳《
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西河·和王潜斋韵》
王澜简介
唐代·王澜的简介
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王琅，一作琅，字澹子。番禺人。约为明崇祯间诸生。明福王弘光元年（一六四五）徵召不赴。后礼函是于雷峰，法名今叶，号开五居士。著有《蛙雨楼稿》、《野樗堂稿》。清陈伯陶编《胜朝粤东遗民录》卷一有传。
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