玉京秋·烟水阔
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宋代]：周密
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长安独客，又见西风，素月丹枫凄然其为秋也，因调夹钟羽一解
烟水阔。高林弄残照，晚蜩凄切。碧碪度韵，银床飘叶。衣湿桐阴露冷，采凉花、时赋秋雪。叹轻别。一襟幽事，砌蛩能说。
客思吟商还怯。怨歌长、琼壶暗缺。翠扇恩疏，红衣香褪，翻成消歇。玉骨西风，恨最恨、闲却新凉时节。楚箫咽。谁倚西楼淡月。
玉京秋·烟水阔译文及注释
译文
轻烟笼罩，湖天寥廓，一缕夕阳的余光，在林梢处暂歇，宛如玩弄暮色。晚蝉的叫声悲凉呜咽。画角声中吹来阵阵寒意，捣衣砧敲出闺妇的相思之切。井边处飘下梧桐的枯叶。我站在梧桐树下，任凭凉露沾湿衣鞋，采来一枝芦花，不时吟咏这白茫茫的芦花似雪。我感叹与她轻易离别，满腔的幽怨和哀痛，台阶下的蟋
蟀仿佛在替我低声诉说。
客居中吟咏着秋天，只觉得心情寒怯。我长歌当哭，暗中竟把玉壶敲缺。如同夏日的团扇已被捐弃抛撇，如同鲜艳的荷花枯萎凋谢，一切芳景都已消歇。我在萧瑟的秋风中傲然独立，心中无比怨恨，白白虚度了这清凉的时节。远处传来箫声悲咽，是谁在凭倚西楼侧耳倾听，身上披着一层淡月。
注释
长安：此处借指南宋都城临安。
夹钟羽一解：夹钟羽，一种律调。一解，一阙。
晚蜩句：柳永《雨霖铃》：“寒蝉凄切，对长亭晚，骤雨初歇。”蜩，蝉。
碧砧句：有青苔的石砧传来有节奏的捣衣声，井旁落满枯黄的桐叶。银床，井上辘轳架。古乐府《淮南王篇》：“后园作井银作床，金瓶素绠汲寒浆。”庾肩吾《九日传宴》诗：“玉醴吹岩菊，银床落井桐。”
凉花：指菊花、芦花等秋日开放的花，此地系指芦花。陆龟蒙《早秋》诗：“早藕擎霜节，凉花束紫梢。”
秋雪：指芦花，即所采之凉花。
砌蛩：台阶下的蟋蟀。
吟商：吟咏秋天。商，五音之一，《礼记·月令》：“孟秋之月其音商。”
琼壶暗缺：敲玉壶为节拍，使壶口损缺。
翠扇恩疏：由于天凉，主人已捐弃扇子。
红衣句：古代女子有赠衣给情人以为表记的习俗；屈原《九歌·湘夫人》：“捐余袂兮江中，遗余褋兮醴浦。”
楚箫咽：相传为李白所写《忆秦娥》词：“箫声咽，秦娥楚断秦楼月。”
谁倚：各本作“谁寄”，此从《词综》卷十九、知不足斋丛书本《苹洲渔笛谱》。
玉京秋·烟水阔鉴赏
《玉京秋》为周密自度曲，词咏调名本意。音韵谐美，别具声情，值得治词乐者重视。
“何处合成愁，离人心上秋”（吴文英《唐多令》），知秋之为秋者，莫若游子羁客。刘禹锡《秋风引》所云：“何处秋风至……孤客最先闻。”亦同此意。玉京，长安，并指首都临安。词人独客杭州，西风又至，心绪黯然，遂琢此词，以写其悒郁之怀。
上片以景起意。“烟水阔”三字，起得高健。将一派水天空阔、苍茫无际的寥廓景象，尽收笔底，为读者展示了一幅广阔的背景。接下“高林”、“晚蜩”二句，一写目见，一写耳闻。寓情于景，境殊依黯。“弄”字是拟人的笔法，将落日的余晖依偎着树梢缓缓西沉之情态，表现得十分生动。好像是在哀伤白昼的隐没和依恋这逝水的年华似的。物与我，审美的主体与客体，就这样交融在一起了。草窗词工于炼字，即此可见一端了。“蜩”即蝉。寒蝉凄切，哀音似诉，与烟水残阳相映衬，便觉秋意满纸、秋声欲活了。
“碧砧度韵，银床飘叶”，意工句稳，是声色兼胜之笔。砧，指捣衣之石。因其漂没绿水之中，故冠以“碧”字美称之。因物赋形，便觉新而不怪。“度韵”，指有节奏的捣衣声响，荡漾水际，富有韵律的美感。“银床”，白石砌成的井栏。“银”谓石之白，与碧砧相对，用字殊炼，刷色尤为韶蒨。
“衣湿桐阴露冷，采凉花，时赋秋雪。”俨然一幅秋宵觅句图画。衣湿、露冷，言伫立之久。秋雪，芦花也，即所采之凉花。湿、冷、凉诸字，皆写人之感受，复笔描摹，愈见心绪之凄苦。以上种种描写，只在烘托环境。“叹轻别”以下三句，才点出心事。却又轻叩即止，不作更多的剖露。用笔吞吐，欲落不落，正是婉约派词人家数。“砌蛩”，指蟋蟀，鸣于秋间，其音凄切，能动客子之乡思。草窗用在歇拍处，上承“幽事”，不必说明，意已反透。
过片“客思吟商还怯”，紧承“砌蛩”，是将词人的乡思与秋虫的清吟打并一起的手法。“怯”字很有力度。“不意道苦辛，客子常畏人”。（韦应物《鹧鸪诗》）此其所以“怯”欤？“怨歌长，琼壶暗缺”二句进一步抒写恨情。“怨歌”，相思之歌也，仍从虫声引出。梁简文《筝赋》：“奏相思而不见，吟夜月而怨歌。”为其所本。周邦彦《浪淘沙慢》：“怨歌永、琼壶敲尽缺。”用写别情。唾壶击缺，本王敦事。敦咏“老骥伏枥”以铁如意击节而唾壶尽缺。草窗融化而出之，换一“暗”字，便有翻新之妙。陈廷焯所言：一‘暗’字，其恨在骨。”是也。“翠扇”、“红衣”宕开一层，转写外景。许浑《秋晚云阳驿西亭莲池诗》：“烟开翠扇清风晓，水乏红衣白露秋。”写盛开之秋荷。此处则“恩疏”、“香褪”，写败残的莲花。入耳之秋虫，尽成怨曲；入目之秋花，并作愁容，这凄凉况味的确是够折磨人的了。“翻成消歇”者，兼此二者而言，是并上述唧唧之秋虫与枯荷败叶也都荡涤一尽。这是深秋的光景了，其搅动人的乡愁也愈益浓重。“玉骨”二句，托体甚高。谭献云：“南渡词境高处，往往出于清真。‘玉骨’二句，髀肉之叹。”（《潭评词辨》）“髀肉复生”，是刘备慨叹岁月蹉跎、功业不立之言，语出《三国志》。草窗用此，意涉多重：“玉骨瘦来无一把”李商隐《赠四同舍诗》），用指体瘦。而“闲却”云云，则是功名未立之叹。而托辞微婉，寄兴遥深，此其所以为高。结拍二句“楚箫咽，谁寄西楼淡月”，是以远处的箫声，来唤醒词人的沉思，来衬托游子的孤寂。是谁在西楼的淡月中，吹奏呜咽的洞箫呢？以动映静，益增凄然之感。不唯切合题面，尤有兴象空灵，风致超诣之妙。陈廷焯云：“此词精金百炼，既雄秀，又婉雅。”推许备至，可见其影响之深远。
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苏轼《
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南乡子·重九涵辉楼呈徐君猷》
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周邦彦《
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浪淘沙慢·晓阴重》
周密简介
唐代·周密的简介
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周密 （1232-1298），字公谨，号草窗，又号四水潜夫、弁阳老人、华不注山人，南宋词人、文学家。祖籍济南，流寓吴兴（今浙江湖州）。宋德右间为义乌县（今年内属浙江）令。入元隐居不仕。自号四水潜夫。他的诗文都有成就，又能诗画音律，尤好藏弃校书，一生著述较丰。著有《齐东野语》、《武林旧事》、《癸辛杂识》、《志雅堂要杂钞》等杂著数十种。其词远祖清真，近法姜夔，风格清雅秀润，与吴文英并称“二窗”，词集名《频洲渔笛谱》、《草窗词》。
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释了演
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时当亚岁，节届书云。
不萌枝上唤春归，无影树头增秀色。
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画胡
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明代：
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顾璘
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历历尘沙貌，棱嶒怪尔殊。寒云缠毳服，猛气映虬须。
万里明王贡，群方混一图。追伤衰晋末，无力斩休屠。
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为玄度寿母 其二
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明代：
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李云龙
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浮峤千峰郁翠盘，北堂开处对巑岏。囊馀鲍氏珍珠黍，地有何姑云母丹。
琪树舞风回色鸟，玉笙吹月下文鸾。遥知邓岳多仙侣，碧海觞飞玉露漙。
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题润瑶家一款武夷岩茶——马头岩肉桂
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：
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张伯元
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忽来方外香，欲言言不得。为问识广者，一时皆语塞。