花下醉
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唐代]：李商隐
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寻芳不觉醉流霞，倚树沉眠日已斜。
客散酒醒深夜后，更持红烛赏残花。
花下醉译文及注释
译文
寻得芳菲不觉被美酒陶醉，倚着花树酣眠红日已西斜。
且等到客散酒醒深夜以后，又举着红烛独自欣赏残花。
注释
流霞，是神话传说中一种仙酒。《论衡·道虚》上说，项曼卿好道学仙，离家三年而返，自言：“欲饮食，仙人辄饮我以流霞。每饮一杯，数日不饥。”
沉眠：醉酒之后的深睡。
日已斜（xiá）：指夕阳西下。
更持红烛赏残花：更：再。仿白居易《惜牡丹花》中“夜惜衰红把火看”。
花下醉创作背景
会昌二年冬（842）至会昌五年冬这三年期间。李商隐因母丧而去官闲居永乐。在闲居期间，李商隐的生活十分地寂寞颓废，整日栽花植树，游山玩水，终日与酒为伴。在此期间他创作了大量的咏诵花木景观的诗歌。本篇为其中较为出色的一首。
参考资料：
1、杨旭辉 ．唐诗鉴赏大辞典 ：中华书局 ，2011.08. ：第1336页 ．
花下醉鉴赏
这是一首抒发对花的陶醉流连的小诗。诗歌先以寻花开篇。接着沉醉花中，最后写酒醒赏花。通篇都围绕着花来展开。表现出诗人对花的强烈喜爱。可谓爱花之至。
起首两句先写了寻芳而醉的过程，流露出一种酣醇满足之意。“寻芳不觉醉流霞，依树沉眠日已斜”。在这个美好的春日，诗人一路追寻着繁花的踪影，在不知不觉之间已经喝得大醉。便在夕阳西下之时，依着花树沉沉地睡去。诗人因为爱花，所以怀着浓厚的兴趣，殷切的心情，特地独自去“寻芳”；既“寻”而果然喜遇；既遇遂深深为花之美艳所吸引，流连称颂，不能自已；流连称颂之馀，竟不知不觉地“醉”了。“不觉”二字寓意深广，使花之美、酒之醇以及人之陶醉都包含其中了。而不自知其所以然的情态，笔意极为超妙。“流霞”，将似锦的繁花比作漫天的流霞之意。这里用“醉流霞”，含意双关，既明指为甘美的酒所醉，又暗喻为艳丽的花所醉。从“流霞”这个词语中，可以想象出花的绚烂、美艳，想象出花的芳香和形态，加强了“醉”字的具体可感性。诗人借这含意双关的“醉流霞”表达出生理的醉与心理的醉之间相互作用和奇妙融合。次句“倚树沉眠日已斜”进一步写“醉”字。因迷花醉酒而不觉倚树（倚树亦即倚花，花就长在树上，灿若流霞），由倚树而不觉沉眠，由沉眠而不觉日已西斜。叙次井然有序，而又处处紧扣“醉”字。醉眠于花树之下，整个身心都为花的馥郁所包围、所熏染，连梦也带着花的醉人芳香。所以这“沉眠”不妨说正是对花的沉醉。这一句似从李白《梦游天姥吟留别》“迷花倚石忽已暝”句化出，进一步写出了身心俱醉的迷花境界。
下两句写酒醒后夜半赏花，更显出对花之爱。同时也将美好而满足的气氛转至了凄凉与孤寂。“客散酒醒深夜后。更持红烛赏残花”，客已散，酒已醒，夜已深。与前半夜寻芳时热闹欢欣的情景截然相反，孤独之感重又袭来。在这种环境气氛中，一般人是不会想到欣赏花的；即使想到，也会因露冷风寒、花事阑珊而感到意兴索然。但诗人对花的喜爱却丝毫未减，想要趁着这夜深人静无人打扰之时，再秉着红烛独自欣赏残花，对花之痴迷已显露无遗。同时诗句中的“红烛”与“残花”又进一步地构成了对比，更显花之残。诗人想到日间盛开的花朵，到了明朝也许就将落英缤纷、残红遍地，一种对美好事物的深刻留连之情便油然而生，促使他抓住这最后的时机领略行将消逝的美，于是，便有了“更持红烛赏残花”这一幕。在夜色朦胧中，在红烛的照映下，这行将凋谢的残花在生命的最后瞬间仿佛呈现出一种奇异的光华，美丽得像一个五彩缤纷而又隐约朦胧的梦境。夜深酒醒后的“赏”，正是“醉”的更进一步的表现，同时也表现诗人对美好事物即将逝去的不舍，怜惜之情油然而生。结句的意境与诗人早年失意科场时之作《宿骆氏亭寄怀崔雍崔衮》中的“留得枯荷听雨声”相似，枯荷与残花，都是为普通人所忽视的，可是诗人将之与雨滴、红烛相配合。可谓化腐朽为神奇。使之散发出一种凄美之感，深受读者的喜爱。苏轼《海棠》中的“只恐夜深花睡去。敞烧高烛照红妆”即从此句化出。只是略去了李商隐诗中的一些凄凉之感。
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武则天《
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柳永《
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秋夜月·当初聚散》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
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李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
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王寂
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紫霞山寺久不来，往昔破碎今摧颓。一钵残僧饫藜藿，百身古佛眠莓苔。
门楣金乌经雨泣，殿脊铁凤含风哀。安得使君鞭紫马，咄嗟檀施随缘来。