寒食还陆浑别业
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唐代]：宋之问
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洛阳城里花如雪，陆浑山中今始发。
野老不知尧舜力，酣歌一曲太平人。
寒食还陆浑别业译文及注释
译文
洛阳城里，花儿已经开得如雪一般铺天盖地，而陆浑山中的花儿，如今才开始发芽。
早上刚刚辞别了河桥那掠过杨柳吹来的风儿，晚上又卧在这伊川桃李间的月色中。
伊川的桃李正是芬芳面新鲜的时候。在寒食节里，山中的酒也是醉香宜人的。
山野间的老人安居乐业，快活地唱上一曲，唱一唱这身在太平盛世中的人。
注释
陆浑：地名，在今河南嵩县。别业：即别墅。
杨柳：柳与留谐音，古人有折柳送别之俗。清明亦有插柳、戴柳之俗。
伊川：水名。即“伊河”。洛河支流，在河南西部。
酒复春：唐人名酒多用春字，如竹叶春、松醪春、烧春等。
参考资料：
1、上海古籍出版社编．清明诗词：上海古籍出版社，2008.04：第5页
2、方洲主编．唐诗三百首：华语教学出版社，2004年05月第1版：第23页
寒食还陆浑别业创作背景
宋之问早年在洛阳为官期间，闲暇时，常到陆浑别墅游览，并时有诗作。《宋之问集》中咏陆浑别墅的诗共存四首，这首诗是其中之一。
参考资料：
1、李月辉主编．名画唐诗佳句欣赏：河北少年儿童出版社，2002.01：第794页
寒食还陆浑别业鉴赏
起二句紧扣题目，谓值此寒食清明节候，洛阳城中已是繁英飘荡、缤纷如雪，而陆浑山中则花始绽放。其意并不在说明城中与山中气候景物之异，而是表现诗人追随春天的脚步，从城里转向山中寻觅春光的浓厚兴趣，和对春天由洛阳转至山中这一发现的诗意感受。白居易《大林寺桃花》云：“人间四月芳菲尽，山寺桃花始盛开。长恨春归无觅处，不知转入此中来。”对照此诗首二句，可见宋之问早在白氏之先就感受并发现了春之转移这一诗材诗境，只不过白氏明白挑出自己的诗意感悟，近乎宋诗的表现理趣；而宋之问的这两句诗则仅客观展示这一现象，而将自己的感受含蓄于诗中而已。“今始发”，则山中春光方兴未艾，正可尽情享受，开启下文。
三、四两句紧扣题内“还”字，写自己清晨从洛阳出发，晚上已在陆浑别业。这点意思如果直白道出，则根本不成其为诗。诗人不说“早发洛阳”“夕至陆浑”，而说旦别河桥”“夕卧伊川”，这一“别”一“卧”，不仅表达了对洛阳春光的留恋，而且透出了卧赏山庄春夜美景的惬意与喜悦。将洛阳与陆浑改成“河桥”与“伊川”，也使干巴巴的地名有了具体可感的形象和诗意。尤为出色的是在“旦别河桥”与“夕卧伊川”之下分别缀以“杨柳风”和“桃李月”这两个全新的组合意象，不仅生动地展示了洛阳繁花飘雪之后“春风杨柳万千条”的幕春景象和陆浑山中月映桃李正芬芳的景象；而且由于用“杨柳”来形容“风”，用“桃李”来形容“月”，读者仿佛能闻到这“风”中飘送的杨柳的气息，这“月”下散发的桃李的芳香，造语新颖，意象优美。上下两句，对仗工整，又一气呵成，显得特别流丽圆转。两句诗就像是两幅情调意境很美的图画，完全可以用它们来作为两幅画的题目。音调的婉转流畅、圆转自如也同样非常突出。可以说兼有诗境美、绘画美和音乐美。虽不像“桃李春凤一杯酒，江湖夜雨十年灯”那样凝练概括，但自有一种天然的风韵和流走的意致。
第五句用顶针格，重复上句“伊川桃李”，以突出陆浑山中春色正浓，蝉联中有流走之势。第六句点明“寒食”节令，应上“桃李正芳新”，并渲染春酒又正新熟。不但春色迷人，而且春酒醉人，花香之外更兼酒香。一“正”一“复”，相互勾连呼应，传达出一种顾盼神飞的神情意态。
七、八两句，以陆浑山中风物之美、生活之惬作收。“野老”指当地居民，也可兼包诗人自己。谓处此山中人无异于尧舜太平盛世的百姓，当酣歌一曲，终老此地。这个结尾，不无歌咏升平的意味。但话说得很艺术，很富诗情，并不是硬贴上去的颂圣尾巴，与全诗的内容风格也比较统一。武后统治时期，统治集团内部尽管矛盾斗争不断，但社会安定，经济繁荣，诗人所歌咏的“太平”，并非纯粹的粉饰之词。
全篇的突出特点是风调的自然流美。清新流丽的语言，一气流走的格调，圆转如珠的韵律，和贯串全诗的浓郁的春天气息，达到了和谐的统一。
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郑刚中《
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寒食》
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陈子龙《
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唐多令·寒食》
宋之问简介
唐代·宋之问的简介
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宋之问，字延清，一名少连，汉族，汾州（今山西汾阳市）人。一说虢州弘农（今河南灵宝县）人。初唐时期的著名诗人。
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